A Brief MI Intervention in the ED to Increase Child Passenger Restraint Use

University of Michigan

Status: Completed

Conditions: Child Restraint Systems; Seat Belts

Treatments: Behavioral: Tailored brochure; Behavioral: Motivational Interviewing

Study type: Interventional

Funder types: Other

Identifiers

NCT02496481

HUM00096047

Details and patient eligibility

About

This study involves an emergency department (ED)-based intervention utilizing Motivational Interviewing (MI) techniques and patient-centered (e.g., tailored) print materials to promote the correct and consistent use of size-appropriate child passenger restraints (car seats, booster seats, and seat belts). This study is designed as a randomized pilot trial.

Full description

Motor vehicle collisions (MVCs) remain a leading cause of death among children after the first year of life despite substantial improvements in passenger safety. Deaths and severe injuries from MVCs can be reduced significantly through the consistent use of size-appropriate child passenger restraints. Still, 10% of children ride completely unrestrained and roughly one-quarter do not use the recommended restraint for their size. New approaches are needed to motivate behavior change among parents who do not consistently use size-appropriate passenger restraints for their children from birth through age 10. Emergency department (ED) visits represent unique opportunities to reach vulnerable children and their parents who have difficulty accessing the primary care settings where childhood injury prevention information is commonly provided. Motivational interviewing (MI) in the ED has been used to encourage a variety of health behaviors among at-risk patients. However, MI has not been previously evaluated for child passenger safety promotion programs. This study will involve an ED-based intervention utilizing MI techniques and patient-centered (e.g., tailored) print materials to promote the correct and consistent use of size-appropriate child passenger restraints. This study is designed as a randomized pilot trial of the intervention utilizing a 2x2 factorial design to examine the independent and additive effects of ED-based MI and tailored print materials on the consistent use of size-appropriate child passenger restraints. Aim 1) To assess the feasibility and acceptability of the ED-based intervention among parents of children from birth through age 10; Aim 2) To determine the impact of the intervention on child passenger restraint attitudes and practices at 6-month follow-up in comparison to baseline assessments.

Enrollment: 345 patients

Sex: All

Ages: 18+ years old

Volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

• Must be an adult (18+ years) parent or caregiver who regularly drives with their child,
• are able to speak and read English,
• who is presenting to the ED with their child age birth to 10 years.
• Child must be <4'9" in height.

Exclusion criteria

• Adult participants must be able to speak and read English

Trial design

Primary purpose: Prevention

Allocation: Randomized

Interventional model: Factorial Assignment

Masking: Single Blind

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345 participants in 4 patient groups

Group1 Baseline+MI+tailored brochure

Experimental group

Description:

Participants randomized to Group 1 will receive the motivational interviewing intervention in the ED and will be mailed a tailored educational brochure about child passenger safety. All participants will complete the baseline assessment survey, a 2 week follow-up phone call and a 6 month follow-up encounter.

Treatment:

Behavioral: Motivational Interviewing

Behavioral: Tailored brochure

Group2 Baseline+MI+general info

Experimental group

Description:

Participants randomized to Group 2 will receive the motivational interviewing intervention in the ED and will be mailed a generic educational brochure about child passenger safety. All participants will complete the baseline assessment survey, a 2 week follow-up phone call and a 6 month follow-up encounter.

Treatment:

Behavioral: Motivational Interviewing

Group3 Baseline+tailored brochure

Experimental group

Description:

Participants randomized to Group 3 will receive no intervention in the ED and will be mailed a tailored educational brochure about child passenger safety All participants will complete the baseline assessment survey, a 2 week follow-up phone call and a 6 month follow-up encounter.

Treatment:

Behavioral: Tailored brochure

Group4 Baseline+general info

No Intervention group

Description:

Control Group. Participants randomized to this arm will receive no intervention in the ED and will be mailed a generic educational brochure about child passenger safety. All participants will complete the baseline assessment survey, a 2 week follow-up phone call and a 6 month follow-up encounter.