A Clinical Trial of Durvalumab and Tremelimumab, Administered With Radiation Therapy or Ablation in Patients With Colorectal Cancer

Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSK)

Status and phase: Completed; Phase 2

Conditions: Metastatic Colorectal Cancer

Treatments: Drug: tremelimumab; Procedure: ablation; Radiation: Radiotherapy (RT); Drug: durvalumab

Study type: Interventional

Funder types: Other; Industry

Identifiers

NCT03122509

17-139

Details and patient eligibility

About

The purpose of this study is to test the safety and effectiveness of two investigational drugs (drugs that are not currently approved by the FDA) given in combination with radiation therapy or ablation.

Enrollment: 25 patients

Sex: All

Ages: 18+ years old

Volunteers: No Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

• Be willing and able to provide written informed consent for the trial.

• Histologically- or cytologically- confirmed CRC.

• Metastatic CRC.

• Subjects have received at least two standard chemotherapy regimens for which they would be considered eligible (at least one containing a 5-fluoropyrimidine), or systemic chemotherapy is not indicated in the setting of low volume metastatic disease.

• At least one tumor for which palliative RT is considered appropriate standard therapy (cohort 1); or, at least one tumor for which palliative ablation is considered appropriate standard therapy (cohort 2).

• At least one index lesion that will not undergo RT or ablation, and which is measurable based on RECIST 1.1.

• Be ≥ 18 years of age on day of signing informed consent.

• Consent for tumor biopsies (for patients enrolled in stage 1 only) and blood draws for research purposes (for all patients).

• Consent for use of available archived tissue and tumor obtained during a standard procedure, for research purposes.

• Have a performance status of 0 or 1 on the ECOG Performance Scale.

• Female subjects must either be of non-reproductive potential (i.e., post-menopausal by history: ≥60 years old and no menses for ≥ 1 year without an alternative medical cause; OR history of hysterectomy, OR history of bilateral tubal ligation, OR history of bilateral oophorectomy) or must have a negative serum pregnancy test within 2 weeks prior to starting treatment.

• Demonstrate adequate organ function as defined all screening labs should be performed within 4 weeks prior to treatment initiation.

  • Hemoglobin ≥ 8.0 g/dL
  • Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) ≥1,500 /mcL
  • Platelets ≥100,000 / mcL
  • Serum creatinine ≤1.5 X upper limit of normal (ULN) OR
  • Measured or calculated creatinine clearance (GFR can also be used in place of creatinine or CrCl) OR
  • Serum creatinine CL>40 mL/min by the Cockcroft-Gault formula (Cockcroft and Gault 1976) or by 24-hour urine collection for determination of creatinine clearance.
  • Serum total bilirubin ≤ 1.5 X ULN OR Direct bilirubin ≤ ULN for subjects with total bilirubin levels > 1.5 ULN
  • AST (SGOT) and ALT (SGPT) ≤ 2.5 X ULN OR ≤ 5 X ULN for subjects with liver metastases.

aCreatinine clearance should be calculated per institutional standard.

Exclusion criteria

• Is currently participating in or has participated in a study of an investigational agent or using an investigational device within 4 weeks of the first dose of treatment.
• Chemotherapy, monoclonal antibody, targeted small molecule therapy, within 4 weeks prior to dose #1 or who has not recovered (i.e., ≤ Grade 1 or at baseline) from adverse events due to a previously administered agent (excluding alopecia or toxicity not anticipated to interfere with planned treatment on study).
• Known or suspected MSI-H CRC.
• Any prior Grade ≥3 immune-related adverse event (irAE) while receiving any previous immunotherapy agent, or any unresolved irAE >Grade 1, including anti-PD-1, anti-PD-L1, anti-CD137, anti-CTLA-4 antibody or any other antibody or drug specifically targeting T-cell co-stimulation or checkpoint pathways, except for endocrinopathies and asymptomatic amylase/lipase.
• If subject received major surgery, they must have recovered adequately from the toxicity and/or complications from the intervention per clinical discretion of the investigator prior to starting therapy.
• Concurrent active malignancy that requires systemic treatment.
• Known CNS metastases and/or carcinomatous meningitis. Subjects with previously treated brain metastases may participate provided they are stable without evidence of new or enlarging brain metastases, and are not using steroids for at least 7 days prior to trial treatment. The use of topical steroids is permitted.
• Active autoimmune disease requiring systemic immune suppressive treatment within the past 2 years. NOTE: Subjects with vitiligo, Grave's disease, or psoriasis not requiring systemic treatment (within the past 2 years) are not excluded.
• Has active, non-infectious pneumonitis.
• Active or prior documented inflammatory bowel disease.
• History of allogeneic organ transplant.
• Has an active infection requiring systemic therapy.
• Has known psychiatric or substance abuse disorders that would interfere with cooperation with the requirements of the trial.
• Has a known history of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) (HIV 1/2 antibodies).
• Has known active and untreated Hepatitis B (e.g., HBsAg reactive) or active Hepatitis C (e.g., HCV RNA [qualitative] is detected).
• Has received a live vaccine within 30 days prior to the first dose of trial treatment.
• Current or prior use of immunosuppressive medication within 14 days before the first dose of durvalumab or tremelimumab with the exceptions of premedication and intranasal, topical and inhaled corticosteroids or systemic corticosteroids at physiological doses, which are not to exceed 10mg/day of prednisone, or an equivalent corticosteroid.
• Hypersensitivity to durvalumab or tremelimumab, or any excipients on the formulation.
• Any condition that, in the opinion of the investigator, would interfere with evaluation of study treatment or interpretation of patient safety or study results.
• Female patients who are pregnant or breastfeeding or male or female patients of reproductive potential who are not willing to employ effective birth control from screening to 180 days after the last dose of durvalumab + tremelimumab combination therapy or 90 days after the last dose of durvalumab monotherapy, whichever is the longer time period.
• QT interval corrected for heart rate (QTc) ≥ 470ms calculated from 1 electrocardiogram (ECG) using Fridericia's Correction.
• History of primary immunodeficiency.
• Known history of previous clinical diagnosis of tuberculosis.
• Subjects with uncontrolled seizures.

Trial design

Primary purpose: Treatment

Allocation: Non-Randomized

Interventional model: Parallel Assignment

Masking: None (Open label)

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25 participants in 2 patient groups

durvalumab and tremelimumab plus Radiotherapy (RT)

Experimental group

Description:

Patients will receive 1500 mg durvalumab via IV infusion q4w for up to 4 doses/cycles and 75 mg tremelimumab via IV infusion q4w for up to 4 doses/cycles, and then continue 1500 mg durvalumab q4w starting on Week 16. Tremelimumab will be administered first. Durvalumab infusion will start approximately 1 hour after the end of tremelimumab infusion. The duration will be approximately 1 hour for each infusion. Radiotherapy (RT) will be performed using external beam ionizing radiation as standard therapy in accordance with institutional standard practice. RT will be initiated within 7 days after the first of durvalumab and tremelimumab.

Treatment:

Radiation: Radiotherapy (RT)

Drug: durvalumab

Drug: tremelimumab

durvalumab and tremelimumab plus ablation

Experimental group

Description:

Patients will receive 1500 mg durvalumab via IV infusion q4w for up to 4 doses/cycles and 75 mg tremelimumab via IV infusion q4w for up to 4 doses/cycles, and then continue 1500 mg durvalumab q4w starting on Week 16. Tremelimumab will be administered first. Durvalumab infusion will start approximately 1 hour after the end of tremelimumab infusion. The duration will be approximately 1 hour for each infusion. The ablation will be performed percutaneously under image guidance as standard therapy at the discretion of the interventional radiologist in accordance with institutional standard practice. Ablation will be performed within 7 days after the first of durvalumab and tremelimumab.

Treatment:

Procedure: ablation

Drug: durvalumab

Drug: tremelimumab