A RCT to Compare the Effectiveness of Nebulized Anticholinergics for Cough Suppression During Flexible Bronchoscopy (NAFCOF)

Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh

Status and phase: Not yet enrolling; Phase 3; Phase 2

Conditions: Subjects Undergoing Flexible Bronchoscopy

Treatments: Drug: Ipratropium; Other: Saline; Drug: Glycopyrronium

Study type: Interventional

Funder types: Other

Identifiers

NCT06376942

Int/IEC/2024/SPL-5

Details and patient eligibility

About

No study has examined the role of inhaled glycopyrrolate on mucus secretion. We hypothesize that nebulized glycopyrrolate will improve bronchoscopy procedure by effectively suppressing airway mucus secretion, thereby decreasing cough, and thus improving patient comfort during bronchoscopy. In this study, we aim to compare the efficacy of nebulized glycopyrrolate versus nebulized ipratropium in suppression of cough during flexible bronchoscopy.

Full description

Bronchoscopy is a minimally invasive endoscopic technique for direct visualization of airways, with diagnostic and therapeutic intent. In 1897, Killian laid the foundation of bronchoscopy by extracting an animal bone from the right main bronchus of a farmer using rigid esophagoscope. In 1966, Shigeto Ikeda developed a prototype of flexible bronchoscope. Since its inception, flexible bronchoscope has undergone advancements in design and technology. The technological advancements in the recent decades have improved diagnostic yield and safety, with low morbidity and mortality. Unfortunately, the occurrence of cough during flexible bronchoscopy makes the procedure difficult and increases procedure time with patient discomfort.

Owing to the lack of clinical benefits and possible hemodynamic changes, the British Thoracic Society and Joint Indian Chest Society recommend not to use anticholinergic premedication via the parenteral route for preventing cough before bronchoscopy.

bronchoscopy. A few studies have evaluated inhaled anticholinergic premedication. Inoue et al. (in 1994) studied the effects of inhaled ipratropium bromide on bronchoconstriction in 29 subjects underwent for diagnostic bronchoscopy. They concluded that ipratropium protects against the deleterious effects resulting from topical lidocaine anesthesia during bronchoscopy. Wang et al. evaluated the efficacy of ipratropium bromide in 250 patients in a placebo-controlled trial. They reported that nebulized ipratropium bromide could reduce airway secretions and patient discomfort.

To our knowledge, no study has examined the role of inhaled glycopyrrolate on mucus secretion. We hypothesize that nebulized glycopyrrolate will improve bronchoscopy procedure by effectively suppressing airway mucus secretion, thereby decreasing cough, and thus improving patient comfort during bronchoscopy.

In this study, we aim to compare the efficacy of nebulized glycopyrrolate versus nebulized ipratropium in suppression of cough during flexible bronchoscopy.

Enrollment: 1,050 estimated patients

Sex: All

Ages: 18 to 85 years old

Volunteers: No Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion and exclusion criteria

Inclusion Criteria: Consecutive patients with indication for flexible bronchoscopy will be enrolled in the study if they meet all the following criteria:

• age ≥18 years
• hemodynamically stable
• willing to provide a written informed consent

Exclusion Criteria: Patients with any of the following will be excluded:

• intubated or tracheostomized patients
• patients with airway stent in situ
• patients with a history of glaucoma
• baseline oxygen saturation <90%
• patients with hemodynamic instability (SBP <90 mm Hg)
• patients undergoing sedation for bronchoscopy
• failure to provide informed consent

Trial design

Primary purpose: Prevention

Allocation: Randomized

Interventional model: Parallel Assignment

Masking: Quadruple Blind

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1,050 participants in 3 patient groups, including a placebo group

Glycopyrronium

Experimental group

Description:

Nebulized glycopyrronium 50 mcg (2 ml) administered via a jet nebulizer over 10 minutes

Treatment:

Drug: Glycopyrronium

Ipratropium

Active Comparator group

Description:

Nebulized ipratropium bromide 500 mcg (2 ml) administered via a jet nebulizer over 10 minutes

Treatment:

Drug: Ipratropium

Saline

Placebo Comparator group

Description:

Nebulized saline 0.9% (2 ml) administered via a jet nebulizer over 10 minutes

Treatment:

Other: Saline