A Study of Reduced Radiation Therapy and Standard-of-Care Chemotherapy in People With HPV-Positive Throat Cancer

Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSK)

Status and phase: Enrolling; Phase 2

Conditions: Oropharyngeal Cancer; HPV; Human Papilloma Virus; Oropharyngeal Carcinoma; Throat Cancer

Treatments: Radiation: Radiation; Drug: Carboplatin; Drug: 5-fluorouracil; Drug: Cisplatin; Diagnostic Test: 18 F-FMISO PET/CT

Study type: Interventional

Funder types: Other

Identifiers

NCT05491512

22-215

Details and patient eligibility

About

The purpose of this study is to find out if lower doses of radiation may help reduce the side effects of radiation therapy in combination with standard-of-care chemotherapy in people with HPV-positive throat cancer. The chemotherapy drugs used in this study include cisplatin, carboplatin, and 5-fluorouracil (5- FU), paclitaxel and abraxane- (Albumin-bound Paclitaxel).

Enrollment: 121 estimated patients

Sex: All

Ages: 18+ years old

Volunteers: No Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

• Pathologically (histologically or cytologically) proven diagnosis of HPV associated squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx (tonsil, base of tongue, or oropharyngeal walls) from biopsy, surgical resection or excisional biopsy regardless of margin status.

  1. Squamous cell carcinoma of the neck of unknown primary is allowed with excision biopsy of a lymph node (or core biopsy) or consent from the PI or co-PI
  2. Patient must have excisional biopsy or core biopsy done in order to be on protocol

• Subjects must have clinically or radiographically evident measurable gross disease at either the primary tumor site or nodal stations.

• Oropharyngeal Carcinoma (AJCC, 7th ed.) without evidence of distant metastasis based on FDG PET/CT.

• CT or MRI of the neck with and without contrast Note: A CT scan of neck and/or a PET/CT performed for the purposes of radiation planning may serve as planning tools.

• ECOG Performance Status of 0-2 or KPS ≥ 50

• Age ≥ 18 Patients over 70yrs will be able to enroll in Cohort B only).

• Adequate hematologic function within 30 days prior to registration, defined as follows:

  1. White Blood Count (WBC) ≥ 2 K/mcL
  2. Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) ≥ 1,000 cells/mm3
  3. Platelets ≥ 100,000 cells/mm3
  4. Hemoglobin ≥ 8.0 g/dl; Note: The use of transfusion or other intervention to achieve Hgb ≥ 8.0 g/dl is acceptable

• Adequate renal function within 30 days prior to registration, defined as follows:

  1. Serum creatinine < 1.5 mg/dl or creatinine clearance (CC) ≥ 50 ml/min determined by 24-hour collection or estimated by Cockcroft-Gault formula: CCr male = [(140 - age) x (wt in kg)] [(Serum Cr mg/dl) x (72)] CCr female = 0.85 x (CrCl male)

Note: Patients who cannot tolerate cisplatin or carboplatin/5FU based on clinical judgment will receive carboplatin and paclitaxel Paclitaxel can be substituted with Abraxane (Albumin-bound Paclitaxel).

• Adequate hepatic function within 30 days prior to registration, defined as follows:

  1. Bilirubin < 2 mg/dl
  2. AST or ALT < 3 x the upper limit of normal

Note: Exceptions can be made with PI and/or Co-Pi approval for patients to enroll on trial with a higher Bilirubin level such as Gilbert's Syndrome.

Note: Patients who cannot tolerate cisplatin or carboplatin/5FU based on clinical judgment will receive carboplatin and paclitaxel. Paclitaxel can be substituted with Abraxane (Albumin-bound Paclitaxel).

• Negative serum pregnancy test within 14 days prior to registration for women of childbearing potential
• The subject must provide study-specific informed consent prior to study entry
• Subject able to undergo MRI scans except for major medical contraindications like presence of a pacemaker or approved by the PI or the CO-PI that the subject does not need to undergo MRI scans

Exclusion criteria

• Subjects with prior head and neck radiation therapy

• Subjects with simultaneous primary cancers outside of the oropharynx

  a. Note: Exceptions can be made for patients with simultaneous primaries outside the oropharynx if determined by the PI/Co-PI the patient can proceed with protocol activities.

• Prior invasive malignancy (except non-melanomatous skin cancer) unless disease free for 3 years or if cure rate from treatment at 5 years to be 90% or greater

• Prior systemic chemotherapy for the study cancer; note that prior chemotherapy for a different cancer is allowable

• Severe, active co-morbidity defined as follows: (exceptions can be made if approved by the PI and/or co-PI)

  1. Unstable angina and/or congestive heart failure requiring hospitalization within the last 6 months
  2. Transmural myocardial infarction within the last 6 months
  3. Acute bacterial or fungal infection requiring intravenous antibiotics at the time of registration
  4. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease exacerbation or other respiratory illness requiring hospitalization or precluding study therapy within 30 days of registration
  5. Hepatic Insufficiency resulting in clinical jaundice and/or coagulation defects

Trial design

Primary purpose: Treatment

Allocation: Non-Randomized

Interventional model: Single Group Assignment

Masking: None (Open label)

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121 participants in 4 patient groups

Cohort A

Experimental group

Description:

Participants diagnosed with hypoxia negative human papilloma virus (HPV) associated oropharyngeal carcinoma (OPC)

Treatment:

Drug: Cisplatin

Radiation: Radiation

Drug: Carboplatin

Diagnostic Test: 18 F-FMISO PET/CT

Drug: 5-fluorouracil

Cohort B

Experimental group

Description:

Participants diagnosed with hypoxia negative human papilloma virus (HPV) associated oropharyngeal carcinoma (OPC). Participants in Cohort B will receive 1 cycle of carboplatin and Paclitaxol the same week of the start of radiation. Paclitaxel can be substituted with Abraxane (Albumin-bound Paclitaxel). Paclitaxel can be substituted with Abraxane and the dose will be 50mg/m\^2. For Cohort B, patients over 70yrs will be able to enroll regardless of Cisplatin or carboplatin/5-fluorouracil (FU) eligibility.

Treatment:

Drug: Cisplatin

Radiation: Radiation

Drug: Carboplatin

Diagnostic Test: 18 F-FMISO PET/CT

Drug: 5-fluorouracil

Cohort C

Experimental group

Description:

Participants diagnosed with hypoxia negative human papilloma virus (HPV) associated oropharyngeal carcinoma (OPC). For participants in Cohort C where induction chemotherapy is used, additional pre-treatment 18F-FMISO PET and post induction pre radiation FMISO PET Scans will be obtained. These patients will start with induction chemotherapy of carboplatin, paclitaxel with or without cetuximab for 6 weeks and follow the same precision chemoradiation algorithm as Cohort A. A window of +/- 2 days is acceptable during the induction phase Paclitaxel can be substituted with Abraxane (Albumin-bound Paclitaxel). For patients who cannot tolerate paclitaxel, Abraxane and the dose will be at 100mg/m\^2.

Treatment:

Drug: Cisplatin

Radiation: Radiation

Drug: Carboplatin

Diagnostic Test: 18 F-FMISO PET/CT

Drug: 5-fluorouracil

Cohort D

Experimental group

Description:

Participants diagnosed with hypoxia negative human papilloma virus (HPV) associated oropharyngeal carcinoma (OPC). Cohort D will just have T1- T2N0 participants. Paclitaxel can be substituted with Abraxane (Albumin-bound Paclitaxel). Will follow the guidelines for Cohort A and Cohort B for chemotherapy options.

Treatment:

Drug: Cisplatin

Radiation: Radiation

Drug: Carboplatin

Diagnostic Test: 18 F-FMISO PET/CT

Drug: 5-fluorouracil