A Study to Evaluate the Mucosal Intestinal Immunity to Poliovirus Type-2 of nOPV2 at Birth Dose in Healthy IPV Vaccinated Infants

Fidec

Status and phase: Not yet enrolling; Phase 3

Conditions: Poliomyelitis

Treatments: Biological: nOPV2

Study type: Interventional

Funder types: Other

Identifiers

NCT07010822

INV-081593 (Other Grant/Funding Number)

nOPV2-003

Details and patient eligibility

About

The study will compare the transmissible levels of poliovirus type-2 detected in stool samples collected at the time of the nOPV2 challenge and subsequent timepoints in 3 groups of newborns receiving an nOPV2 dose at birth and primed with 3 doses of IPV (6 - 10 - 14 weeks of age).

Full description

To meet the urgent public health need regarding cVDPV2 outbreaks, a novel type 2 OPV (nOPV2) vaccine was developed using attenuated serotype 2 polioviruses derived from a modified Sabin 2 infectious cDNA clone generated by modifying the Sabin-2 ribonucleic acid (RNA) sequence to improve genetic stability and make the strains less prone to reversion to virulence. Clinical trials in adults, children, and infants demonstrated that nOPV2 vaccine is safe, well tolerated, and immunogenic. These include a phase 2 study of vaccine-naïve neonates in Bangladesh who received either two doses of nOPV2 or two doses of placebo at birth and 4 weeks of age concluded that the vaccine was well tolerated and immunogenic, as 90% of the infants seroconverted at 2 weeks post second dose. Overall 99% of infants had protective levels of neutralizing antibody at this time in contrast to the seroprotection rate of 56% in the placebo group.

Although immunogenic, the effect of nOPV2 on virus transmission is still unclear. This phase 3 study aims to compare the transmissible levels of poliovirus type-2 detected in stool samples collected at the time of the nOPV2 challenge (pre-challenge) and subsequent timepoints in 3 groups of newborns receiving an nOPV2 dose at birth and primed with 3 doses of IPV (6 - 10 - 14 weeks of age).

Enrollment: 740 estimated patients

Sex: All

Ages: 1 to 7 days old

Volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

1. Newborn infants of maximum 1 week of age with birth weight > 2,500 g.
2. Healthy infants without obvious medical conditions like immunodeficiency diseases, severe congenital malformations, severe neurological diseases or any other disease that require high doses of corticosteroids or immunotherapies that preclude the subject from participating in the study as established by medical history and physical examination.
3. Written informed consent obtained from both parents or legal guardian(s) as per country regulations.
4. Resides in the area and parents willing to adhere to all study procedures.

Exclusion criteria

1. Any confirmed or suspected immunosuppressive or known immunodeficient condition including human immunodeficiency virus infection in the potential participant or any member of the participant's household.
2. Household member who has receive any novel OPV 1 month before birth of this study's participant up through 1 month post-last-dose.
3. Family history of congenital or hereditary immunodeficiency.
4. Major congenital defects or serious uncontrolled chronic illness (neurologic, pulmonary, gastrointestinal, hepatic, renal, or endocrine).
5. Known allergy to any component of the study vaccines or to any antibiotics that share molecular composition with a component of the study vaccines.
6. Uncontrolled coagulopathy or blood disorder contraindicating intramuscular injections (of IPV)
7. Administration of immunoglobulins and/or any blood products since birth or planned administration during the study period.
8. Acute severe febrile illness (≥37.5 °C) on the day of vaccination deemed by the Investigator to be a contraindication for vaccination (the child can be included at a later time if within age window and all inclusion criteria are met.).
9. Participant who, in the opinion of the Investigator, is unlikely to comply with the protocol or is inappropriate to be included in the study for the safety or the benefit-risk ratio of the participant.
10. Infants from multiple births or born prematurely (< 37 weeks of gestation).

Trial design

Primary purpose: Prevention

Allocation: Randomized

Interventional model: Parallel Assignment

Masking: Quadruple Blind

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740 participants in 3 patient groups, including a placebo group

nOPV2 at birth

Experimental group

Description:

Approximately 330 subjects to receive 1 dose of nOPV2 at birth followed by a regular IPV schedule at approx. 6, 10, 14 weeks of age and an nOPV2-002 challenge at approx. 18 weeks of age.

Treatment:

Biological: nOPV2

nOPV2 at birth and Wk 14 of age

Experimental group

Description:

Approximately 80 subjects to receive 2 doses of nOPV2 at birth and 14 wks of age plus a regular IPV schedule at approx. 6, 10, 14 weeks of age and an nOPV2-002 challenge at approx. 18 weeks of age.

Treatment:

Biological: nOPV2

Placebo

Placebo Comparator group

Description:

Approximately 330 subjects to receive 2 doses of placebo at birth and 14 wks of age plus a regular IPV schedule at approx. 6, 10, 14 weeks of age and an nOPV2-002 challenge at approx. 18 weeks of age

Treatment:

Biological: nOPV2