A Supervised Nutritional Program in Pregnancies and NF-κB Expression in Placenta

Materno-Perinatal Hospital of the State of Mexico

Status and phase: Completed; Phase 1

Conditions: Dietary Habits

Treatments: Behavioral: Healthy Eating Index (HEI) in supervised pregnancies

Study type: Interventional

Funder types: Other

Identifiers

NCT01667939

HMPMP05/06/09

Details and patient eligibility

About

Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway and oxidative stress participate in endothelial dysfunction, which is one of the causes of preeclampsia. Among the human antioxidant mechanisms there are the enzymes catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Our aim was to measure NF-κB and oxidative stress in pregnant women submitted to an individualized diet during pregnancy.

Full description

Obesity during pregnancy is associated with exaggerated metabolic adaptation, endothelial dysfunction and an increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes, including preeclampsia, a major cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality characterized by increased blood pressure, proteinuria and edema, which affects approximately 3% to 7% of all pregnant women. Other risk factors, besides obesity, that increase the likelihood of developing preeclampsia include chronic hypertension, and diabetes mellitus.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) [superoxide anions (•O2-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and hydroxyl radicals (•OH)],5 interact with proteins, nucleic acids and lipids and in a process called lipid peroxidation (LPO), can cause severe cell and tissue damage. There is current evidence that ROS are common activators of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), a factor that initiates a systemic inflammatory process by promoting the synthesis of cytokines, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) and expression of intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM-1).

To maintain balance of the oxidative state, the human body possesses intracellular antioxidant enzyme systems, including superoxide dismutase (SOD, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase (CAT), which is located mainly in peroxisomes and cytoplasm of the cell.

The epidemiology of preeclampsia, which is more common among poor women, had previously suggested that nutrients may be involved in the disorder, unfortunately, the nutritional data obtained from women with the syndrome has been poorly defined.

The objective of this paper was to provide an overview of the biological plausibility and potential mechanisms underlying associations among maternal nutrition, oxidative stress in placenta and the risk of preeclampsia.

Enrollment: 26 patients

Sex: Female

Ages: 18 to 36 years old

Volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

• Women in their first trimester of pregnancy

Exclusion criteria

• multiple pregnancies
• prior history of chronic-metabolic diseases

Trial design

Primary purpose: Prevention

Allocation: Non-Randomized

Interventional model: Parallel Assignment

Masking: None (Open label)

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26 participants in 2 patient groups

pregnancy diet

Experimental group

Description:

Healthy Eating Index (HEI) in supervised pregnancies

Treatment:

Behavioral: Healthy Eating Index (HEI) in supervised pregnancies

unsupervised pregnancy

No Intervention group

Description:

women attending the obstetrics unit who did not follow a supervised diet