A Technology Assisted Care Transition Intervention for Veterans With CHF or COPD (TACT)

VA Office of Research and Development

Status: Completed

Conditions: CHF; COPD

Treatments: Behavioral: Technology-assisted care transition intervention; Behavioral: Active attention control

Study type: Interventional

Funder types: Other; Other U.S. Federal agency

Identifiers

NCT02632552

IIR 15-101

Details and patient eligibility

About

Transition from hospital to home places patients in jeopardy of adverse events and increases their risk for rehospitalization. CHF is the most prevalent chronic condition among U.S. adults and COPD is the third leading cause of death in the U.S. Both CHF and COPD represent significant burdens for the VHA healthcare system. Care transitions can be supported through multi-component interventions, but are costly to implement. Virtual nurses provide an effective medium for explaining health concepts to patients, and previous work indicates patients find virtual nurses acceptable. The investigators will implement and evaluate a virtual nurse intervention to provide automated, tailored, and timely support to Veterans transitioning from hospital to home. As effective care transition interventions incorporate both inpatient and outpatient components, the virtual nurse will first engage with patient onscreen during their inpatient stay and then via text message post-discharge. This project has the potential to improve the care transition experience for patients, caregivers and healthcare providers.

Full description

The last decade has seen a steady increase in the resources that VHA uses to treat chronic heart failure (CHF) and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), both of which are among the most common reasons for admission and re-admission in VHA facilities. Multi-component care transition interventions can be effective, but are costly. One approach to reduce complexity and costs is to offload some work to technology.

Informed by the sociotechnical model, this study proposes a technology-assisted care transition intervention founded on the concept of a virtual nurse that interacts with Veterans through different technology channels. The virtual nurse is an anthropomorphized computer program designed to simulate a discharge nurse. During the inpatient stay, the virtual nurse will appear on a computer touch screen and will educate Veterans with CHF or COPD about the important components of a care transition (drawing on the Coleman Care Transition Model) as well as how to send and receive text messages on their mobile phone. Following discharge to home, the virtual nurse will continue to coach Veterans and their family members and improve post-discharge access to care through two-way computer-tailored text messaging made possible by VHA's new HealtheDialog system. Specific aims are to:

1. Refine methods and collect formative measures to guide implementation
2. Conduct a randomized trial of the technology-assisted care transition intervention
3. Evaluate the intervention, including its effectiveness, implementation, and budget impact

The investigators propose a mixed methods formative assessment and simulation experiment to refine existing technologies to the VA care transition setting (Aim 1). This will be followed by a multi-site randomized type1 hybrid implementation trial (Aims 2 and 3). The trial will evaluate the effectiveness of the virtual nurse intervention in twelve clinical teams and also gather information about its implementation to inform broader rollout.

Enrollment: 140 patients

Sex: All

Ages: 18+ years old

Volunteers: No Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

• Veterans
• Diagnosis of chronic heart failure or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
• Admission to a general medical service
• Able and willing to engage with touchscreen technology
• Have a text-enabled cellular phone to receive the post-discharge text messages

Exclusion criteria

• Not Veterans
• Not diagnosed of chronic heart failure or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
• Not admitted to a general medical service
• Not capable of using touchscreen technology
• Do not have a text-enabled cellular phone

Trial design

Primary purpose: Health Services Research

Allocation: Randomized

Interventional model: Parallel Assignment

Masking: Single Blind

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140 participants in 2 patient groups

Technology-assisted care transition arm

Experimental group

Description:

In-patient virtual nurse on-screen touchscreen and outpatient virtual nurse follow-up by texting

Treatment:

Behavioral: Technology-assisted care transition intervention

Active attention control

Active Comparator group

Description:

In-patient brief animated power-point style didactic onscreen tutorial covering the core pillars of care transitions and brief outpatient texting

Treatment:

Behavioral: Active attention control