Acute Exercise on Brain Insulin Sensitivity

Rutgers The State University of New Jersey

Status and phase

Enrolling

Phase 3

Phase 2

Conditions

Aging

Insulin Resistance

Cardiovascular Disease Risk

Obesity

Cognition

Treatments

Behavioral: Exercise

Study type

Interventional

Funder types

Other

Identifiers

NCT05853913

Pro2022001842

Details and patient eligibility

About

Dementia is a leading cause of death in the United States among aging adults. Brain insulin resistance has emerged as a pathologic factor affecting memory, executive function as well as systemic glucose control. Regular aerobic exercise decreases Alzheimer's Disease (AD) risk, in part, through changes in brain structure and function. However, there is limited data available on how exercise impacts brain insulin resistance in aging. This study will test the effect of acute exercise on brain insulin sensitivity in middle-aged to older adults. The study will also examine cognition and cardiometabolic health in relation to brain insulin sensitivity.

Full description

Obesity, hypertension, high blood glucose (e.g. prediabetes/type 2 diabetes), and physical inactivity is thought to worsen brain insulin resistance and reduce cerebral blood flow. This suggests lifestyle approaches may be necessary to counteract declines in brain health. Regular aerobic exercise decreases Alzheimer's Disease (AD) risk, in part, through changes in brain structure and function. Moreover, exercise-related structural changes in the brain, namely increased hippocampal volume, is linked to improved memory. However, there is limited data available on how exercise impacts brain insulin resistance in aging. It is also unclear if one bout of exercise may help improve brain insulin responses to insulin before fitness gains or weight loss in people at risk for dementia, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Because single bouts of exercise are established to improve metabolic and vascular insulin sensitivity in people with obesity, the investigators anticipate exercise to raise brain insulin sensitivity in relation to cognition and cardiometabolic health.

Enrollment

40 estimated patients

Sex

All

Ages

40 to 80 years old

Volunteers

No Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

Male or female >40 and <80 years old.
Has a body mass index >25 and <45 kg/m2.
Physical Activity (<150 min of moderate/high intensity exercise per week)

Exclusion criteria

Subjects who have not been weight stable (>2 kg weight change in past 3 months)
Subjects who are smokers or who have quit smoking <1 years ago
Subjects with abnormal estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).
Hypertriglyceridemic (>400 mg/dl) and hypercholesterolemic (>260 mg/dl) subjects
Hypertensive (>160/100 mmHg)
Subjects with a history of significant metabolic, cardiac, congestive heart failure, cerebrovascular, hematological, pulmonary, gastrointestinal, liver, renal, or endocrine disease or cancer that in the investigator's opinion would interfere with or alter the outcome measures or impact subject safety.
Pregnant (as evidenced by positive urine pregnancy test) or nursing women
Subjects with contraindications to participation in an exercise
Current Pregnancy
Currently taking active weight suppression medication (e.g. phentermine, orlistat, lorcaserin, naltrexone-bupropion in combination, liraglutide, benzphetamine, diethylpropion, phendimetrazine)
Subjects currently taking medications that affect heart rate and rhythm (i.e. Ca++ channel blockers, nitrates, alpha- or beta-blockers).
Known contraindications for MRI imaging