Acute Kidney Outreach to Reduce Deterioration and Death (AKORDD)

Heart of England NHS Trust

Status: Completed

Conditions: Acute Kidney Injury

Treatments: Other: Good standard care; Other: Rapid diagnosis of AKI cause; Other: Preventing recurrent AKI; Other: Early nephrology followup for stage 3 AKI; Other: Stopping 'nephrotoxic' drugs; Other: Rapid treatment of AKI cause

Study type: Interventional

Funder types: Other

Identifiers

NCT02398682

PB-PG-1111-26038

Details and patient eligibility

About

The study pilots an outreach service for Acute kidney injury (AKI) patients, based on electronic alerts. Using the alerts we will contact the primary clinician caring for the patient with AKI in the Intervention group. The study has a control group of patients receiving good standard care, but without Outreach. The aim is to reduce morbidity and mortality in the syndrome, and also to reduce healthcare costs.

Full description

Lay summary:

About one in six hospital inpatients suffer Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), also called acute renal failure. About a third of patients with AKI die. The large majority of patients with AKI are managed by doctors who are not kidney experts. Effective AKI advice and treatments are available but not currently integrated into routine care. A recent National review of the care of patients who died from AKI showed poor management of many patients. Early diagnosis of AKI can avoid complications, dialysis (which affects the quality of life of patients, and is costly) or death. AKI is diagnosed by a change in a blood test. We have developed computer software to diagnose AKI earlier. It sends a warning or 'Alert' about the test to our team of kidney experts. We will further develop the settings of the Alert system. It needs to send an Alert for the right patients. We will also study the best way to make clinicians pay attention to their patients who are developing AKI. When our expert Outreach team receive an Alert, they will call the doctor or nurse looking after the patient with AKI. We will advise on the best treatment for that patient, to reduce their risk of death, dialysis and other complications. We will do a pilot study in one large hospital, to further develop the system, and check it reduces the risk of death or complications from AKI. We will use this work to develop a larger trial of this new system of care for patients with AKI in different hospitals. This will convince the wider NHS of the need to change, and show how to prevent or reduce AKI. Ultimately we aim to improve patients' lives by reducing avoidable death and illness from AKI , and also save the NHS money.

Enrollment: 1,865 patients

Sex: All

Ages: 18+ years old

Volunteers: No Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

• adult patients with an Alert for AKI issued in accordance with the national algorithm for AKI alerts (NHS England)
• AKI stage 2 or 3 (this criterion is under review during the preparatory phase of the study)

Exclusion criteria

• patients already on dialysis for AKI at the time of alert
• patients with End stage renal disease
• patients <18 years of age
• patients with no evidence of AKI on review of the automated Alert
• patients dissenting from participation according to the Ethics application

Trial design

Primary purpose: Health Services Research

Allocation: Non-Randomized

Interventional model: Parallel Assignment

Masking: None (Open label)

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1,865 participants in 4 patient groups

After study Intervention arm Heartlands

Experimental group

Description:

The trial has 4 arms in a Before and After design: Arm 3. After/Heartlands area patients receiving the experimental intervention Patients who have AKI and are either inpatients in the Intervention hospital or living within the surrounding catchment area are eligible. The intervention will be in the form of a telephone call to the primary clinician or visit to the patient. The intervention will include: Rapid diagnosis of AKI cause; Rapid treatment of AKI cause; Stopping 'nephrotoxic' drugs; Early nephrology followup for stage 3 AKI survivors; and preventing recurrent AKI.

Treatment:

Other: Stopping 'nephrotoxic' drugs

Other: Good standard care

Other: Preventing recurrent AKI

Other: Early nephrology followup for stage 3 AKI

Other: Rapid treatment of AKI cause

Other: Rapid diagnosis of AKI cause

After study Control arm Good Hope

Active Comparator group

Description:

The trial has 4 arms in a Before and After design: Arm 4. After/Good Hope area patients observed whilst receiving active comparator Patients who have AKI, as shown by having an Alert for such, and are either inpatients in Good Hope Hospital or living within the surrounding catchment area. These patients will receive good standard care (active comparator), but none of the interventions listed for the Intervention group.

Treatment:

Other: Good standard care

Before study Heartlands area

Active Comparator group

Description:

The trial has 4 arms in a Before and After design: Arm 1. Before/Heartlands area patients observed whilst receiving active comparator Patients who have AKI, as shown by having an Alert for such, and are either inpatients in Heartlands Hospital or living within the surrounding catchment area. These patients will receive good standard care (active comparator), but none of the interventions listed for the Intervention group.

Treatment:

Other: Good standard care

Before study Good Hope area

Active Comparator group

Description:

The trial has 4 arms in a Before and After design: Arm 2. Before/Good Hope area patients observed whilst receiving active comparator Patients who have AKI, as shown by having an Alert for such, and are either inpatients in Good Hope Hospital or living within the surrounding catchment area. These patients will receive good standard care (active comparator), but none of the interventions listed for the Intervention group.

Treatment:

Other: Good standard care