Alirocumab and Reverse Cholesterol Transport

The Washington University

Status and phase: Completed; Phase 1

Conditions: Coronary Heart Disease; Atherosclerosis

Treatments: Drug: Alirocumab; Drug: Placebos

Study type: Interventional

Funder types: Other

Identifiers

NCT03014830

201612021

Details and patient eligibility

About

Alirocumab is an injectable treatment for elevated blood cholesterol. The hypothesis of this study is that it also increases cholesterol excretion from the body into the stool, a process sometimes called reverse cholesterol transport. A cholesterol metabolic study will be done before and after 6 weeks of alirocumab treatment. If alirocumab increases reverse cholesterol transport, it is possible that this action provides additional protection from cardiovascular disease.

Full description

This study is a single-site, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial in which about 24 subjects are expected to complete an 8-week study period. The performance site is Washington University School of Medicine. Even though alirocumab is an approved drug, the investigators consider this to be a phase I trial because it is a physiological study in which the primary endpoint is change in fecal cholesterol excretion and measures of reverse cholesterol transport. It is not a treatment protocol and uses healthy subjects.

Subjects with greater than ideal cholesterol but not taking cholesterol lowering drugs will be studied. All receive whole body cholesterol metabolism tests before and after treatment for 6 weeks with either alirocumab or placebo. Each test takes 2 weeks. On the first day the subjects receive about 35 mg cholesterol-d7 intravenously and blood samples are obtained in order to measure cholesterol turnover rate, pool size, esterification rate, transfer from HDL to LDL and removal from the plasma compartment. Fecal cholesterol excretion and related parameters are measured on days 13 and 14 after a relative steady-state is obtained. During this time the subjects consume a metabolic kitchen diet controlled in cholesterol and phytosterol content and consume oral tracer capsules consisting of cholesterol-d5 and sitostanol-d4. Plasma and stool samples are analyzed by gas chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry to determine daily percent cholesterol excretion from rapidly-mixing body cholesterol pools, fecal cholesterol mass and percent cholesterol absorption. The cholesterol metabolic test is repeated on day 43 and final measurements are made on day 57. Treatment effect, defined as the difference between active and placebo treatments is then calculated. Based on animal data it is expected that alirocumab will increase the efficiency of cholesterol excretion from body pools and the rate of removal of cholesterol ester from plasma.

Enrollment: 28 patients

Sex: All

Ages: 18 to 80 years old

Volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

• Healthy or with stable medical or surgical illnesses
• LDL>100 mg/dl.

Exclusion criteria

• Triglycerides>250
• Taking drugs affecting lipid metabolism
• Elevated liver function tests
• Diabetes mellitus
• A1c 6.5% or greater
• Pregnant
• Breastfeeding
• Desire for conception in either sex.

Trial design

Primary purpose: Basic Science

Allocation: Randomized

Interventional model: Parallel Assignment

Masking: Quadruple Blind

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28 participants in 2 patient groups, including a placebo group

Alirocumab

Active Comparator group

Description:

Subjects will receive alirocumab for 6 weeks.

Treatment:

Drug: Alirocumab

Placebos

Placebo Comparator group

Description:

Subjects will receive placebo for 6 weeks.

Treatment:

Drug: Placebos