Amygdala Neurofeedback for Depression - Large Scale Clinical Trial

Kymberly Young

Status: Enrolling

Conditions: Major Depressive Disorder

Treatments: Device: Sham feedback; Device: Amygdala real-time fMRI neurofeedback

Study type: Interventional

Funder types: Other; NIH

Identifiers

NCT05703256

R01MH130337 (Other Identifier)

STUDY23010004

Details and patient eligibility

About

The goal of this study is to evaluate whether rtfMRI-nf training to increase the amygdala response to positive memories may serve as a stand-alone intervention for major depressive disorder

Full description

Previous research has shown that real-time fMRI neurofeedback (rtfMRI-nf) training aimed at increasing the amygdala's response to positive autobiographical memory recall holds therapeutic potential for treating patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), as clinically significant decreases in clinician administered and self-report measures of depression severity were observed following two rtfMRI amygdala neurofeedback sessions. Furthermore, rtfMRI amygdala neurofeedback changed emotional processing towards a positive bias. The goal of the current study is to confirm the clinical efficacy of this intervention in a new sample of depressed participants. Thus, over the course of four years, we will conduct a randomized double-blind clinical trial examining the clinical and cognitive effects of amygdala rtfMRI-nf compared to yoked sham rtfMRI-nf (seeing the amygdala activity of another participant during training) in 200 participants with MDD from the Pittsburgh metropolitan area. Participants will undergo two rtfMRI-nf sessions. Half of the participants will receive amygdala neurofeedback and half will receive yoked sham neurofeedback. Participants will complete the BDI-II monthly for one year following completion of the neurofeedback intervention. The rationale for the proposed research is to provide new insights into possible mechanistic solutions for MDD, and to further guide development of this rtfMRI-nf intervention into a treatment for MDD.

Enrollment: 200 estimated patients

Sex: All

Ages: 18 to 55 years old

Volunteers: No Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

• ages 18 - 55
• primary diagnosis of MDD and are currently depressed
• able to give written informed consent prior to participation
• unmedicated OR are stable on an antidepressant regime (at least 4 weeks to ensure symptoms are stable). Effective medications will not be discontinued for the purposes of the study.

Exclusion criteria

• clinically significant or unstable cardiovascular, pulmonary, endocrine, neurological, gastrointestinal illness or unstable medical disorder
• Current severe DSM-V alcohol or substance use disorder, with the exception of nicotine or caffeine. Clinician will access subjects' alcohol and substance use on a case-by-case to determine whether specific cases of mild or moderate alcohol or substance use would also interfere with the effects of the intervention.
• history of traumatic brain injury
• unable to complete MRI scan due to claustrophobia or general MRI exclusions (e.g., shrapnel inside body)
• currently pregnant or breast feeding
• unable to complete questionnaires written in English
• current (within 3 weeks of testing) use of any antipsychotics, anticonvulsants, stimulants, benzodiazepines, beta-blockers, or other medications (except antidepressants) likely to influence cerebral blood flow. Effective medications will not be discontinued for the purposes of the study.
• diagnosis of psychotic or organic mental disorder, bipolar I or II disorder.
• eye problems or difficulties in corrected vision.

Trial design

Primary purpose: Treatment

Allocation: Randomized

Interventional model: Parallel Assignment

Masking: Double Blind

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200 participants in 2 patient groups

Amygdala real-time fMRI neurofeedback

Experimental group

Description:

Amygdala neurofeedback - attempt to upregulate the left amygdala during positive autobiographical memory recall via real time fMRI neurofeedback from the amygdala. Two sessions will be performed one week apart.

Treatment:

Device: Amygdala real-time fMRI neurofeedback

Sham feedback

Sham Comparator group

Description:

Yoked sham - participants will see the amygdala activity of another subject who completed the intervention. Two sessions will be performed one week apart.

Treatment:

Device: Sham feedback