Announcement of Rare Metabolic Diseases in Systematic Newborn Screening: the Phenylketonuria Experience. (ANNPHE)

Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris

Status: Not yet enrolling

Conditions: Phenylketonuria

Treatments: Other: semi-directive interview; Other: Non directive interview; Behavioral: socio-psychological questionnaire; Other: Stern interview; Behavioral: revised event impact scale (IER-S)

Study type: Observational

Funder types: Other

Identifiers

NCT06289348

APHP230240

2023-A00970-45 (Registry Identifier)

Details and patient eligibility

About

The aims of this collaborative, interdisciplinary research project are to understand and describe the psychological impact of the announcement of a rare, serious disease present since birth and detected in the context of the systematic neonatal screening (DNS), in terms of the parents' experience, but also on the part of the medical team, in order to improve its process and the support it provides for the announcement of the diagnosis.

Full description

In France, newborn screening for phenylketonuria (PKU) has been offered systematically, but not compulsorily, since 1970. This enables the disease to be treated at an early stage, with presymptomatic treatment. While treatment can significantly improve the prognosis of affected children, ensuring normal cognitive development without neurological sequelae, the announcement of the suspicion of the disease and confirmation of the diagnosis can be painful, even traumatic, for parents, due in particular to the very specific context of the DNS. The screening results are not available until 10 days after the baby's birth, and given the urgency of the treatment, the announcement is made by a telephone call to the families when they have already returned home with their asymptomatic newborn. This call was made by an unknown doctor from a center of reference or competence for rare diseases (in this case hereditary metabolic diseases, HMD), whom the parents did not know, and who asked them to come to his department as a matter of urgency. This disease is not visible at the time of diagnosis, although intoxication is already present. This research follows on from a pilot study2 which showed the traumatic nature of this call, which; for the families, means that in an instant they are thrust into the field of a rare, genetic and chronic disease; for the teams, means that the care relationship will continue until the end of the patient's adolescence. The aims of this collaborative, interdisciplinary research project are to understand and describe the psychological impact of the announcement of a rare, serious disease present since birth and detected in the context of the DNS, in terms of the parents' experience, but also on the part of the medical team, in order to improve its process and the support it provides for the announcement of the diagnosis.

The analysis will be carried out under the responsibility of the researcher, her thesis supervisor (Dr Marco Araneda, MCU / Université Paris-Cité) and her thesis co-supervisor (Pr Pascale de Lonlay, PU-PH / APHP and Université Paris-Cité).

1. Analysis of qualitative data :

   The interviews with the parents, doctors and midwives will be transcribed and then analysed using NVivo® software based on grounded theory methodology.

2. Analysis of quantitative data :

The data from the socio-psychological questionnaire will be analysed using simple, multidimensional descriptive statistics.

We will carry out an analysis of variance with repeated measures (IES-R) (time 1, time 2) to estimate the impact of time and care on the level of anxietý. A probabilitý level of 5% (p ≤ 0.05) will be considered́ significant for the results of the statistical tests. Statistical calculations will be performed using SPSS v.24 software, R y Mplus v. 8.3 statistical software.

Enrollment: 80 estimated patients

Sex: All

Ages: 18+ years old

Volunteers: No Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

• Parent or doctor of a child screened for PKU, born during the inclusion phase of the study
• Family's first exposure to PKU: the PKU child must be either the eldest or the first sibling to be diagnosed with PKU following neonatal screening

Exclusion criteria

• Failure to master the French language.
• Child screened is neither the eldest nor the first sibling to be screened.
• Refusal by the parents.
• Any other reason which, in the investigator's judgement, would impair the participants' ability to follow the study protocol, or the interpretation of interview data (e.g. the participating parent has a history of serious psychiatric pathology, one of the parents died at the child's birth, Couples in which one of the members suffers from a known decompensated psychiatric pathology at the time of recruitment. Couples where one of the members is under legal protection or a security measure, etc ...).

Trial design

80 participants in 4 patient groups

groupe 1

Description:

60 parents of children screened for PKU. Each of them will be assessed using a socio-psychological questionnaire (7 days after the announcement) and the revised event impact scale (7 days, 4 and a half months).

Treatment:

Behavioral: socio-psychological questionnaire

Behavioral: revised event impact scale (IER-S)

groupe 2

Description:

25 parents from group 1. This smaller sample of 25 parents will be subjected to non-directive interviews (1 month after the announcement) and to the Stern interview (4 and a half months after the announcement).

Treatment:

Behavioral: socio-psychological questionnaire

Other: Stern interview

Other: Non directive interview

Behavioral: revised event impact scale (IER-S)

groupe 3

Description:

15 doctors : interview

Treatment:

Other: semi-directive interview

groupe 4

Description:

5 midwifes : short interview

Treatment:

Other: semi-directive interview