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Anti-inflammatory Effects of Fiber

U

University at Buffalo

Status

Completed

Conditions

Postprandial Inflammation

Treatments

Other: HFHC meal
Dietary Supplement: HFHC MEAL plus Fiber

Study type

Interventional

Funder types

Other

Identifiers

Details and patient eligibility

About

The main objective of this research is to investigate the effect of addition of fiber on the high fat high carbohydrate (HFHC) meal induced inflammation and oxidative stress mechanisms at the molecular level in humans, in vivo. The investigators have previously shown that the intake of one HFHC meal leads to an increase in oxidative stress and inflammation. HFHC meal also induces an increase in the expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling- 3 (SOCS-3) in the mononuclear cells (MNC), which interferes with insulin signal transduction and contributes to the pathogenesis of insulin resistance. In contrast, an American heart association (AHA) meal rich in fruits and fiber does not induce these effects. These observations are important since HFHC meal not only induces oxidative stress and inflammation but also lays the foundations of a potentially greater insulin resistance through the induction of SOCS-3, TLR-4 and TLR-2.

Full description

The main objective of this research is to investigate the effect of high fat high carbohydrate (HFHC) meal on inflammatory mechanisms at the molecular level in humans, in vivo versus HFHC meal plus fiber. HFHC meal includes egg muffin, sausage muffin sandwiches and two hash browns. The Investigators have previously shown that the intake of one HFHC meal leads to an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and the expression of p47, the key subunit of NADPH oxidase, with a concomitant increase in intranuclear nuclear factor κB (NFkB) binding. More recently, the investigators have also shown that HFHC meal leads to an increase in plasma endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPS) concentrations along with an increase in the expression of Toll like receptor-4 (TLR-4), the receptor for endotoxin, and TLR-2, the receptor for several products of Gram positive bacteria. In addition, it also causes an increase in lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP), the protein which facilitates the binding of LPS to CD14 and TLR-4. Finally, HFHC meal also induces an increase in the expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling- 3 (SOCS-3) in the mononuclear cells (MNC) (1), which interferes with insulin signal transduction and contributes to the pathogenesis of insulin resistance. In contrast, an AHA meal does not induce these effects. These observations are important since HFHC meal not only induces oxidative stress and inflammation but also lays the foundations of (2) a potentially greater response to an inflammatory challenge through the induction of an increase in LPS concentrations and the expression of TLR-4 and TLR-2; and (3) insulin resistance through the induction of SOCS-3, TLR-4 and TLR-2.

Enrollment

20 patients

Sex

All

Ages

18 to 80 years old

Volunteers

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

  • Age: 18 to 80 years of age
  • Subject will be available for duration of the study and willing to comply with all study requirements
  • Written and informed consent signed and dated
  • Nonsmoker

Exclusion criteria

  • Coronary artery disease (CAD): documented by history of myocardial infarction, angioplasty/stent placement, angina, exercise EKG positive for ischemia or angiographic evidence of CAD
  • Patient on non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or steroids
  • Hepatic disease (transaminase > 3 times normal)
  • Renal impairment (serum creatinine > 1.5 mg/dl)
  • History of drug or alcohol abuse
  • Participation in any other concurrent clinical trials
  • Use of an investigational agent or therapeutic regimen within 30 days of study
  • Pregnancy
  • Premenopausal women who are trying to be pregnant
  • Anemia

Trial design

Primary purpose

Prevention

Allocation

Randomized

Interventional model

Crossover Assignment

Masking

None (Open label)

20 participants in 2 patient groups, including a placebo group

High fat high carbohydrate (HFHC) meal
Placebo Comparator group
Description:
Subjects will consume a HFHC meal. HFHC meal includes egg muffin and sausage muffin sandwiches and two hash browns which contain 88g carbohydrates, 51 g fat (33% saturated) and 34 g protein (carbohydrates 41%, protein 17%, and fat 42%). 35 ml of blood will be obtained at 1h ,2h,3h and 4 h and 5 ml at 15 min,30 min,45 min,75 min and 90 min . A total of 165 ml (11 tablespoon) blood will be collected.
Treatment:
Other: HFHC meal
HFHC meal plus Fiber
Experimental group
Description:
HFHC meal includes egg muffin and sausage muffin sandwiches and two hash browns which contain 88g carbohydrates, 51 g fat (33% saturated) and 34 g protein (carbohydrates 41%, protein 17%, and fat 42%). Subjects will also receive FiberOne Original cereal 14 grams (half cup) before and after the HFHC meal. 35 ml of blood will be obtained at 1h ,2h,3h and 4 h and 5 ml at 15 min,30 min,45 min,75 min and 90 min . A total of 165 ml (11 tablespoon) blood will be collected.
Treatment:
Dietary Supplement: HFHC MEAL plus Fiber

Trial contacts and locations

1

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Data sourced from clinicaltrials.gov

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