Application of Information-Motivation-Behavioral Model-based Continuity of Care on the Peri-implantitis Recovery in Diabetic Implant Overdenture Patients

The Dental Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine

Status: Completed

Conditions: Diabetes; Bone Resorption

Treatments: Behavioral: IMB model-based continuity of care

Study type: Interventional

Funder types: Other

Identifiers

NCT06103799

DHZhejiangU-2023(005)

Details and patient eligibility

About

The investigators recruited 32 diabetic IOD patients with a total of 110 problematic implants who had completed the treatment for peri-implantitis between January 2021 and March 2023 as research subjects. The patients were randomly assigned to the control group or the experimental group using the random number table. The control group received routine postoperative medical advice, whereas the experimental group was given an IMB model-based continuity of care.

Full description

Continuity of care involves a series of actions designed to ensure that patients undergoing a transfer from different health care settings (e.g., from hospital to home) or within the same setting (e.g., different units in the hospital) receive different levels of collaborative and continuous care, including discharge planning, referrals, and continuous follow-up and guidance after the patient returns home . It encompasses the roles of both provider and receiver. Patients who actively participate will receive more substantial treatment. Additionally, a retrospective cohort study has shown that continuity of care is associated with lower risk of cardiovascular disease risk among individuals with type 2 diabetes. Another prospective cohort has shown that the application of continuity of care in the dental field enhances oral anticancer therapy adherence.

The information-motivation-behavioral skills (IMB) model, first proposed by Fisher, is composed of three elements-information, motivation, and behavioral skills-and is aimed at transferring patients' behavior into a positive direction, including self-behavior management ability, medication compliance and so on. For diabetic patients with poor adherence, the IMB model of care can be considered.

This model may be particularly useful in diabetic IOD patients since they are more prone to peri-implantitis than patients with other types of implant restorations or non-diabetic patients. However, the efficacy of the combination of the IMB model and continuity of care in improving healing, bone resorption, disease management and control, and quality of life in the specific population group of diabetic IOD patients remains unclear. To this end, the current study was aimed at investigating whether this model of care can help achieve better clinical outcomes and improve patient satisfaction with the services provided, thereby obtaining data to serve as a reference and scientific basis for the improvement of intervention plans.

Enrollment: 32 patients

Sex: All

Volunteers: No Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

The inclusion criteria in this study were as follows:

1. IOD patients who had type 2 diabetes with peri-implantitis in at least one implant,
2. patients with clear consciousness and good communicative competence,
3. patients who could take good care of themselves and were proficient in using mobile communication and internet devices
4. patients who agreed to participate in our study.

Exclusion criteria

Patients with any of the following were excluded from our study:

1. type 1 diabetes and other particular types of diabetes,
2. severe cognitive dysfunction or psychiatric disorders, and
3. inability to use mobile electronic devices.

Trial design

Primary purpose: Supportive Care

Allocation: Randomized

Interventional model: Parallel Assignment

Masking: Single Blind

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32 participants in 2 patient groups

IMB model-based continuity of care

Experimental group

Description:

Intervention through the IMB model-based continuity of care was focused on three aspects: 1. Information intervention: (a) instructing patients to follow the official account of the dental implant department and introducing the instructions to use the application, (b) regularly updating the educational content and disseminating detailed knowledge about the prevention and treatment of oral diseases, especially for peri-implantitis. 2. Motivation intervention: (a) providing an online platform for patients to interact with nurses and doctors, where they can obtain professional answers. (b) assessing the risk factors related to peri-implantitis and diabetes and developing appropriate interventions 3. Behavioral skills intervention: (a) providing feedback on the correct use of tools and implants and cleaning of the overdentures by observing the cleaning videos that the patients were required to upload.

Treatment:

Behavioral: IMB model-based continuity of care

routine health education

No Intervention group

Description:

For the control group, standard care was provided in the form of routine health education regarding various topics, such as proper brushing techniques, use of an oral irrigator, and other auxiliary tools. The patients were followed-up via telephonic interviews to monitor their condition, including usage of the implant and lifestyle changes; the interviews were conducted at 2 weeks, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after treatment. Data were collected about oral health, blood glucose control, lifestyle habits, and comorbidities by using the compliance questionnaire. Appropriated health education was provided if there were any concerns such as gingival swelling, plaque accumulation, and elevated blood glucose levels.