Azithromycin Plus Chloroquine Versus Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine Plus Chloroquine For The Treatment Of Uncomplicated, Symptomatic Falciparum Malaria In Southeast Asia

Pfizer

Status and phase

Terminated

Phase 3

Phase 2

Conditions

Malaria, Falciparum

Treatments

Drug: Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine/Chloroquine

Drug: Azithromycin/Chloroquine

Study type

Interventional

Funder types

Industry

Identifiers

NCT00084240

A0661123

Details and patient eligibility

About

The primary objective is to confirm the hypothesis that azithromycin (optimal dose once daily for three days) plus chloroquine is non-inferior to sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine plus chloroquine for the treatment of uncomplicated, symptomatic malaria due to P. falciparum.

Full description

The trial was terminated prematurely 2 June 2005 due to the inability to recruit the planned number of subjects. There were no safety or efficacy concerns regarding the study in the decision to terminate the trial.

Enrollment

32 patients

Sex

All

Ages

18 to 85 years old

Volunteers

No Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

Females and males >=18 years of age with uncomplicated, symptomatic malaria as indicated by the presence of both of the following: a.) Blood smears positive for Plasmodium falciparum asexual parasitemia between 1000 -100,000 parasites/mL b.) Fever or history of fever (>= 38.5 C/101.2 F rectal or tympanic; >= 37.5 C/99.5 F axillary or >= 38 C/100.4 F oral) within the prior 24 hours
Serum glucose >= 60 mg/dL (by fingerstick or peripheral blood collection)
Positive rapid diagnostic test (Binax NOW ICT) for P. falciparum
Women of childbearing potential must have a negative urine gonadotropin prior to entry into the study and must agree to use adequate contraception during the entire study

Exclusion criteria

Severe or complicated malaria including subjects with any of the following: a.) Impaired consciousness, seizures or abnormal neurologic exam b.) Jaundice c.) Respiratory distress d.) Persistent vomiting e.) Hematuria, as reported by the patient f.) Parasite density > 100,000 parasites/mL g.) Presence of non-falciparum species on microscopy
Pregnant or breast-feeding women
History of allergy to or hypersensitivity to azithromycin or any macrolide, sulfonamides, pyrimethamine, or chloroquine
Known history of blood dyscrasias (e.g., megaloblastic anemia, agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, neutropenia, hemolytic anemia)
History of epilepsy or psoriasis
History of treatment with any antimalarial drug (chloroquine, quinine, mefloquine, Malarone, SP, artemisinin compounds) or antibacterial with known antimalarial activity (macrolides, doxycycline, clindamycin) within 2 weeks prior to enrollment into the study
Known or suspected cardiovascular, hepatic or renal abnormality that in the opinion of the Investigator would place the subject at increased risk to participate in the study. The following findings are specific exclusions: a.) serum creatinine > 2.0 x ULN b.) ALT and/or AST > 3 x ULN
Inability to swallow oral medication in tablet form
Treatment with other investigational drugs within 30 Days prior to enrollment into the study
Alcohol and/or any other drug abuse
Requirement to use medication during the study that might interfere with the evaluation of the study drug (nelfinavir, digoxin, ergot alkaloids, terfenadine, cyclosporine, hexobarbital and phenytoin)
Specific systemic diseases or other medical conditions that would interfere with the evaluation of the therapeutic response or safety of the study drug
Inability to comprehend and/or unwillingness follow the study protocol
Intentions to leave the vicinity of the trial site in the next 42 days
Prior participation in this study