Barley and Rice Mixture Effects on Blood Glucose

Arizona State University (ASU)

Status: Completed

Conditions: Dietary Fiber; Blood Glucose; Hunger

Treatments: Other: 50/50 rice-barley mix; Other: 100% rice; Other: 100% barley flakes; Other: 100% steel cut barley; Other: white bread; Other: 80/20 rice-barley mix

Study type: Interventional

Funder types: Other

Identifiers

NCT03387345

STUDY00005413

Details and patient eligibility

About

The purpose of this research was to investigate 5 different formulations of whole grain barley and refined white rice against a control of white bread on post-prandial glycemic response, as well as self-reported hunger/satiety in a randomized cross-over trial.

Full description

Beta-glucan-rich barley has been shown to improve glycemic response, reduce hunger and increase satiety. Nutrient-dense grain mixtures that include a new cultivar of barley (Sustagrain, Ardent Mills, LLC) with exceptionally high dietary fiber content may help individuals meet their dietary fiber needs while minimizing the rapid increase in blood glucose following the consumption of a refined grain product. The primary objective of this study was to compare the effects of five different test meals containing varying amounts of whole-grain barley and refined white rice to white bread on post-prandial blood glucose concentrations. A secondary aim was to evaluate changes in self-reported hunger and satiety following the consumption of each treatment. This study was a single-site, blinded, randomized crossover trial among 24 healthy adults. Each participant consumed the following treatments: 100% Sustagrain barley flakes, 100% Sustagrain steel cut barley , an 80/20 rice-steel cut Sustagrain barley mix, a 50/50 rice-steel cut Sustagrain barley mix, 100% rice, and white bread.

Enrollment: 39 patients

Sex: All

Ages: 18 to 50 years old

Volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

• Healthy, English speaking adults;
• BMI between 18 and 30 kg/m2

Exclusion criteria

• History of GI malabsorption diseases, food allergy or intolerance to gluten;
• Prediabetes, and/or diabetes, and/or treatment with diabetic medications for any reason;
• Hypertension, hypothyroidism and other chronic disease that affects nutrient metabolism;
• Any women pregnant or lactating, or expecting to become pregnant during the study;
• Individuals with a history of bleeding disorders

Trial design

Primary purpose: Prevention

Allocation: Randomized

Interventional model: Crossover Assignment

Masking: None (Open label)

---

39 participants in 6 patient groups

bread-50/50-steelcut-80/20-flake-rice

Experimental group

Description:

25 g of available carbohydrate was delivered to participants via (1) white bread, followed by (2) 50/50 rice-barley mix, followed by (3) 100% steel cut barley, followed by (4) 80/20 rice-barley mix, followed by (5) 100% barley flakes, followed by (6) 100% rice

Treatment:

Other: 100% barley flakes

Other: 100% steel cut barley

Other: white bread

Other: 80/20 rice-barley mix

Other: 100% rice

Other: 50/50 rice-barley mix

50/50-steelcut-80/20-flake-rice-bread

Experimental group

Description:

25 g of available carbohydrate was delivered to participants via (1) 50/50 rice-barley mix, followed by (2) 100% steel cut barley, followed by (3) 80/20 rice-barley mix, followed by (4) 100% barley flakes, followed by (5) 100% rice, followed by (6) white bread

Treatment:

Other: 100% barley flakes

Other: 100% steel cut barley

Other: white bread

Other: 80/20 rice-barley mix

Other: 100% rice

Other: 50/50 rice-barley mix

steelcut-80/20-flake-rice-bread-50/50

Experimental group

Description:

25 g of available carbohydrate was delivered to participants via (1) 100% steel cut barley, followed by (2) 80/20 rice-barley mix, followed by (3) 100% barley flakes, followed by (4) 100% rice, followed by (5) white bread, followed by (6) 50/50 rice-barley mix

Treatment:

Other: 100% barley flakes

Other: 100% steel cut barley

Other: white bread

Other: 80/20 rice-barley mix

Other: 100% rice

Other: 50/50 rice-barley mix

80/20-flake-rice-bread-50/50-steelcut

Experimental group

Description:

25 g of available carbohydrate was delivered to participants via (1) 80/20 rice-barley mix, followed by (2) 100% barley flakes, followed by (3) 100% rice, followed by (4) white bread, followed by (5) 50/50 rice-barley mix, followed by (6) 100% steel cut barley

Treatment:

Other: 100% barley flakes

Other: 100% steel cut barley

Other: white bread

Other: 80/20 rice-barley mix

Other: 100% rice

Other: 50/50 rice-barley mix

flake-rice-bread-50/50-steelcut-80/20

Experimental group

Description:

25 g of available carbohydrate was delivered to participants via (1) 100% barley flakes, followed by (2) 100% rice, followed by (3) white bread, followed by (4) 50/50 rice-barley mix, followed by (5) 100% steel cut barley, followed by (6) 80/20 rice-barley mix

Treatment:

Other: 100% barley flakes

Other: 100% steel cut barley

Other: white bread

Other: 80/20 rice-barley mix

Other: 100% rice

Other: 50/50 rice-barley mix

rice-bread-50/50-steelcut-80/20-flake

Experimental group

Description:

25 g of available carbohydrate was delivered to participants via (1) 100% rice, followed by (2) white bread, followed by (3) 50/50 rice-barley mix, followed by (4) 100% steel cut barley, followed by (5) 80/20 rice-barley mix, followed by (6) 100% barley flakes

Treatment:

Other: 100% barley flakes

Other: 100% steel cut barley

Other: white bread

Other: 80/20 rice-barley mix

Other: 100% rice

Other: 50/50 rice-barley mix