Cardiac Function in Swimming-Induced Pulmonary Edema (SIPE)

Dalarna County Council, Sweden

Status: Enrolling

Conditions: Heart Function Tests; Lung Diseases; Swimming Induced Pulmonary Edema (SIPE); Pulmonary Edema

Treatments: Diagnostic Test: Cardiac biomarkers; Diagnostic Test: Electrocardiogram (ECG); Diagnostic Test: Echocardiography

Study type: Observational

Funder types: Other

Identifiers

NCT05391737

SIPE Cardiac function 001

Details and patient eligibility

About

Acute or chronic cardiac dysfunction could be a contributing factor to swimming-induced pulmonary edema (SIPE). Knowledge on cardiac function in SIPE is limited and recommendations for cardiac evaluation of patients with SIPE are lacking. The present study was designed to assess cardiac function in patients with SIPE and in asymptomatic swimmers.

Full description

Swimming induced pulmonary edema (SIPE) is an unusual condition occuring during swimming in cold open water. SIPE is characterized by acute onset of dyspnea and cough, excessive sputum and occasionally hemoptysis. Reversible myocardial dysfunction has been described in swimmers with SIPE and divers with immersion pulmonary edema (IPE). Cardiac dysfunction has also been discussed as a contributing factor triggering SIPE. However, prevalence, severity and prognosis of myocardial dysfunction in patients with SIPE is unknown. Official recommendations for cardiac evaluation of patients after an acute episode of SIPE is lacking.

This case-control-study intends to assess cardiac function in patients with SIPE and in asymptomatic swimmers. We study a large cohort of approximately 12 000 swimmers during Vansbrosimningen, Sweden's biggest annual open water event, with a yearly incidence of SIPE of about 0,4%. Cardiac function is evaluated after swimming as well as at rest by echocardiography, 12-lead electrocardiogram and cardiac biomarkers (Troponin I, NT-pro-BNP).

Enrollment: 120 estimated patients

Sex: All

Ages: 18+ years old

Volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

for patients:

• respiratory symptoms during or after swimming at the Vansbrosimningen open water swimming event
• diagnosis SIPE by signs of pulmonary edema on lung ultrasound
• peripheral oxygen saturation ≤95%

for controls:

• completion of a swimming race of the Vansbrosimningen open water swimming event.
• no respiratory symptoms during or after swimming
• no signs of pulmonary edema on lung ultrasound
• matched to patients with SIPE regarding sex and age

Exclusion criteria

• declined consent
• hemodynamic instability or decreased consciousness

Trial design

120 participants in 2 patient groups

patients with SIPE

Description:

Adult patients (age ≥18 years) with SIPE-diagnosis during "Vansbrosimningen" and peripheral oxygen saturation ≤95%. SIPE-diagnosis based on pulmonary edema on lung ultrasound.

Treatment:

Diagnostic Test: Cardiac biomarkers

Diagnostic Test: Electrocardiogram (ECG)

Diagnostic Test: Echocardiography

control group

Description:

Swimmers completing "Vansbrosimningen" without respiratory symptoms or signs of pulmonary edema on lung ultrasound. Matched to patients with SIPE for age and gender.

Treatment:

Diagnostic Test: Cardiac biomarkers

Diagnostic Test: Electrocardiogram (ECG)

Diagnostic Test: Echocardiography