CD19-Car T Cell Therapy for the Treatment of Older Adults With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in First Remission

City of Hope

Status and phase

Active, not recruiting

Phase 1

Conditions

B Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Treatments

Procedure: Leukapheresis

Drug: Fludarabine

Procedure: Bone Marrow Aspiration and Biopsy

Drug: Cyclophosphamide

Other: Questionnaire Administration

Procedure: Biospecimen Collection

Drug: Autologous Anti-CD19 CAR-expressing T Lymphocytes

Study type

Interventional

Funder types

Other

NIH

Identifiers

NCT05707273

22137 (Other Identifier)

P30CA033572 (U.S. NIH Grant/Contract)

NCI-2022-10925 (Registry Identifier)

Details and patient eligibility

About

This phase I trial tests the safety, side effects, and best dose of autologous anti-CD19 CAR-expressing T lymphocytes (CD19-CAR T cells) in older adults with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy is a type of treatment in which a patient's T cells (a type of immune system cell) are changed in the laboratory so they will attack cancer cells. T cells are taken from a patient's blood. Then the gene for a special receptor that binds to a certain protein on the patient's cancer cells is added to the T cells in the laboratory. The special receptor is called a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR). Large numbers of the CAR T cells are grown in the laboratory and given to the patient by infusion for treatment of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Full description

PRIMARY OBJECTIVE:

I. Assess the safety and tolerability of autologous CD19-CAR T cell therapy by evaluation of toxicities including type, frequency, severity, attribution, time course and duration in older patients with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in first morphological complete remission (CR1).

SECONDARY OBJECTIVES:

I. Assess the feasibility of manufacturing and infusing CD19-CAR T cells in older adults with B-cell ALL in CR1.

II. Evaluate the rate of MRD- remission in patients who had MRD+ disease at the time of infusion.

III. Evaluate the overall risk of relapse. IV. Evaluate the risk of central nervous system (CNS) relapse (isolated and combined with bone marrow relapse).

V. Estimate the 1-year event-free survival (EFS) rate post CD19-CAR T cell therapy.

VI. Estimate 1-year overall survival (OS) post CD19-CAR T cell therapy. VII. Describe development of frailty after CD19-CAR T cell therapy.

EXPLORATORY OBJECTIVES:

I. Measure expansion and persistence of CD19-CAR T cells in peripheral blood (PB), bone marrow (BM) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).

II. Assess the duration of B-cell aplasia. III. Describe cytokine levels in PB over the study period.

OUTLINE: This is a dose-escalation study of CD19-CAR T cell therapy followed by a dose-expansion study.

Patients undergo T cell leukapheresis, receive fludarabine and cyclophosphamide intravenously (IV), and then receive CD19-CAR T cell infusion IV on study.

Enrollment

18 patients

Sex

All

Ages

55+ years old

Volunteers

No Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

Documented informed consent of the participant
Agreement to allow the use of archival tissue from diagnostic tumor biopsies
- If unavailable, exceptions may be granted with Study Principal Investigator (PI) approval
- Note: For research participants who do not speak English, a short form consent may be used with a City of Hope (COH) certified interpreter/translator to proceed with screening and leukapheresis, while the request for a translated full consent is processed. However, the research participant is allowed to proceed with lymphodepletion and T cell infusion only after the translated full consent form is signed
Age: >= 55 years
Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) < 2 / Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) >= 70
Ability to read and understand English for Questionnaires
Histologically confirmed CD19+ ALL at the time of diagnosis
In morphological first complete remission regardless of minimal residual disease (MRD) status
No immediate plan for transplant
Remission after induction +/- reinduction therapy
Fully recovered from the acute toxic effects (except alopecia) to =< Grade 1 to prior anti-cancer therapy
Total bilirubin =< 1.5 X upper limit of normal (ULN) (unless has Gilbert's disease)
Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) =< 3 x ULN
Alanine transaminase (ALT) =< 3 x ULN
Creatinine clearance of >= 60 mL/min per 24 hour urine test or the Cockcroft-Gault formula
Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) >= 50%
- Note: To be performed within 28 days prior to start of protocol therapy
Oxygen (O2) saturation > 92% on room air.
- Note: To be performed within 28 days prior to start of protocol therapy
Seronegative for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (quantitative polymerase chain reaction [qPCR]), hepatitis C virus (HCV), active hepatitis B virus (HBV) (Surface Antigen Negative), and syphilis (rapid plasma reagin [RPR])
- If positive, hepatitis C ribonucleic acid (RNA) quantitation must be performed OR
- If seropositive for HIV, HCV or HBV, nucleic acid quantitation must be performed. Viral load must be undetectable
Meets other institutional and federal requirements for infectious disease titer requirements
- Note Infectious disease testing to be performed within 28 days prior to start of protocol therapy
Women of childbearing potential (WOCBP): negative urine or serum pregnancy test
- If the urine test is positive or cannot be confirmed as negative, a serum pregnancy test will be required
Agreement by females and males of childbearing potential* to use an effective method of birth control or abstain from heterosexual activity for the course of the study through at least 6 months after the last dose of protocol therapy.
- Childbearing potential defined as not being surgically sterilized (men and women) or have not been free from menses for > 1 year (women only)

Exclusion criteria

History of allergic reactions attributed to compounds of similar chemical or biologic composition to study agent(s)
Research participant with known CNS-2 or CNS-3 involvement that is refractory to intrathecal chemotherapy and/or cranio-spinal radiation. Research participants with a history of central nervous system (CNS) disease that has been effectively treated to complete remission (<5 WBC/mm3 and no blasts in cerebrospinal fluid [CSF]) will be eligible
Autoimmune disease or active graft versus host disease (GVHD) requiring systemic immunosuppressant therapy
Class III/IV cardiovascular disability according to the New York Heart Association (NYHA) Classification
History of other malignancies, except for malignancy surgically resected (or treated with other modalities) with curative intent, basal cell carcinoma of the skin or localized squamous cell carcinoma of the skin; non-muscle invasive bladder cancer; malignancy treated with curative intent with no known active disease present for >= 2 years
Clinically significant uncontrolled illness
Active systemic uncontrolled infection requiring antibiotics
Known history of HIV or hepatitis B or hepatitis C infection
- Subjects who are hepatitis B core antibody (anti-HBc) positive and who are surface antigen negative will need to have a negative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) result. Those who are hepatitis B surface antigen (HbsAg) positive or hepatitis B PCR positive will be excluded
  - Subjects who are hepatitis B core antibody positive (or have a known history of HBV infection) should be monitored quarterly with a quantitative PCR test for HBV deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). HBV monitoring should last until 12 months after last dose of study drug. Any subject with a rising viral load (above lower limit of detection) should discontinue study drug and have antiviral therapy instituted and a consultation with a physician with expertise in managing hepatitis B. Subjects who are core Ab positive at study enrollment are strongly recommended to start Entecavir before start and until completion of study treatment
  - Subjects who are hepatitis C antibody positive will need to have a negative PCR result. Those who are hepatitis C PCR positive will be excluded
Females only: Pregnant or breastfeeding
Concurrent use of systemic steroids or chronic use of immunosuppressant medications. Recent or current use of inhaled steroids is not exclusionary. Physiologic replacement of steroids (prednisone =< 7.5 mg /day or equivalent) is allowed
Any other condition that would, in the Investigator's judgment, contraindicate the patient's participation in the clinical study due to safety concerns with clinical study procedures
Prospective participants who, in the opinion of the investigator, may not be able to comply with all study procedures (including compliance issues related to feasibility/logistics)