Cerebral Vascular Reserve in Small Vessel Disease and Alzheimers Disease

Bispebjerg Hospital

Status: Enrolling

Conditions: Alzheimer Disease; Dementia, Vascular

Treatments: Diagnostic Test: Cerebral [15O]H2O PET before and after diamox infusion

Study type: Observational

Funder types: Other

Identifiers

NCT05443308

H-21076058

Details and patient eligibility

About

Alzheimers disease and cerebral small vessel disease have a considerably overlap in patients and have common risk factors. The diseases are difficult to separate in individual patients and we hypothesize that a reduced cerebral vascular reserve may be a measurement of small vessel disease independent of Alzheimers disease.

Patients with presumed Alzheimers disease (n=20), cerebral small vessel disease (n=20) and healthy age-matched subjects (n=15) are examined with quantitative [15O]H2O positron emission tomography (PET) for measurements of brain perfusion before and after diamox infusion that dilates cerebral vessels. Additional [15O]H2O PET scans of the heart allows for a non-invasive input function so the cerebral vascular reserve can be measured quantitatively.

Full description

Alzheimers disease and cerebral small vessel disease are increasingly common in the elderly population and constitute around 90% of new dementia cases in Denmark. The diseases have a considerably overlap in patients and have common risk factors. The cause of dementia can be difficult to separate in individual patients but a reduced cerebral vascular reserve may be a measurement of small vessel disease independent of Alzheimers disease. We hypothesized that patient with small vessel disease have reduced increase in brain perfusion after medical brain vessel dilatation. While Alzheimer patients may have reduced perfusion in rest but normal increase after medical brain vessel dilatation as compared to healthy subjects.

Patients with presumed Alzheimers disease (n=20), cerebral small vessel disease (n=20) and healthy age-matched subjects (n=15) are examined with quantitative [15O]H2O PET for measurements of brain perfusion before and after diamox infusion that dilates cerebral vessels. Additional [15O]H2O PET scans of the heart allows for a non-invasive input function so the cerebral vascular reserve can be measured quantitatively.

Enrollment: 50 estimated patients

Sex: All

Ages: 60+ years old

Volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

• presumed Alzheimer's Disease (group 1)
• diagnosed with small vessel disease of the brain by MRI and presumed cognitive dysfunction (group 2)

Exclusion criteria

• major claustrophobia
• major psychiatric diseases
• other major somatic diseases
• allergy to diamox

Trial design

50 participants in 3 patient groups

Alzheimer Disease

Description:

patients with presumed Alzheimer disease and no known vascular, psychiatric or other major diseases age \> 60 years

Treatment:

Diagnostic Test: Cerebral [15O]H2O PET before and after diamox infusion

Small vessel disease

Description:

patients diagnosed with small vessel disease of the brain by MRI and presumed cognitive dysfunction and no other known psychiatric or other major diseases. age \> 60 years

Treatment:

Diagnostic Test: Cerebral [15O]H2O PET before and after diamox infusion

Healthy subjects

Description:

Age-matched subjects with no known vascular, psychiatric or other major diseases. age \> 60 years

Treatment:

Diagnostic Test: Cerebral [15O]H2O PET before and after diamox infusion