Cognitive Enhancement Therapy for Adult Autism Spectrum Disorder (Perspectives)

University of Pittsburgh

Status: Completed

Conditions: Asperger's Syndrome; Pervasive Developmental Disorder; Autistic Disorder; Autism Spectrum Disorder

Treatments: Behavioral: Cognitive Enhancement Therapy; Behavioral: Enriched Supportive Therapy

Study type: Interventional

Funder types: Other; Other U.S. Federal agency; NIH

Identifiers

NCT00902798

R21MH085851 (U.S. NIH Grant/Contract)

ARI2014 (Other Grant/Funding Number)

R33MH085851 (U.S. NIH Grant/Contract)

AR100344 (Other Grant/Funding Number)

05381 (Other Grant/Funding Number)

MH085851

2008NF-Autism (Other Grant/Funding Number)

Details and patient eligibility

About

This study will investigate and contrast the effects of two psychological treatments for adults with autism spectrum disorder. Cognitive Enhancement Therapy (CET) is a cognitive remediation intervention that aims to help adults with problems in thinking, planning, and socialization. Enriched Supportive Therapy (EST) is an individual supportive therapy that aims to help adults learn about their condition, manage their emotions and stress, improve their social skills, and cope with everyday problems.

Full description

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by marked impairments in social and non-social cognitive ability that persist well into adulthood and contribute to significant functional disability. The treatment of ASD has focused almost exclusively on children, and few empirically supported interventions are available to address the core cognitive and functional challenges individuals with ASD face as they transition to adulthood. This study will investigate and contrast the effects of two psychological treatments for adults with autism spectrum disorder. Cognitive Enhancement Therapy (CET) is a cognitive remediation intervention that aims to help adults with problems in thinking, planning, and socialization. Enriched Supportive Therapy (EST) is an individual supportive therapy that aims to help adults learn about their condition, manage their emotions and stress, improve their social skills, and cope with everyday problems.

Participation in this study will last 30 months. Potential participants must be able to attend weekly treatment sessions in Pittsburgh, PA.

The study design is a 30-month (2.5 years) randomized-controlled trial, where eligible participants will be randomized to the CET or EST study treatments. Participants will be treated with the study interventions for 18 months, and then followed for 12 additional months to assess the lasting impact of the study interventions. All participants will complete cognitive, clinical, and neuroimaging (magnetic resonance imaging) assessments prior to starting the study treatments and then at specified intervals thereafter to evaluate the impact of the study treatments on cognition, adaptive function, and the brain.

Enrollment: 54 patients

Sex: All

Ages: 16 to 45 years old

Volunteers: No Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

• Age 16-45 years
• Diagnosis of autism, Asperger's syndrome, or pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified (NOS) verified by the autism diagnostic observation schedule (ADOS) or autism diagnostic interview-revised (ADI-R)
• Presence of significant social and cognitive disability, based on the Cognitive Style and Social Cognition Eligibility Interview (Hogarty et al., 2004)
• Intelligence quotient (IQ) greater than 80
• Ability to read and speak fluent English
• Availability of a family member or close friend allowed to provide information on the participant
• Ability to attend weekly treatment sessions in Pittsburgh, PA

Exclusion criteria

• Organic brain syndrome
• IQ < 80
• English language skills below a sixth grade level
• Persistent suicidal or homicidal behavior
• History of substance abuse or dependence within the past 3 months
• Comorbid attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
• Comorbid personality disorder
• History of disruptive or violent behavior
• Any magnetic resonance imaging contraindications

Trial design

Primary purpose: Treatment

Allocation: Randomized

Interventional model: Parallel Assignment

Masking: Single Blind

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54 participants in 2 patient groups

Cognitive Enhancement Therapy

Experimental group

Description:

This research treatment aims to help with problems in thinking, planning, and socialization. Participants begin with cognitive training using computer software programs. They also participate in a small social-cognitive group to learn about their condition and how to act wisely in social situations by developing the abilities needed to understand another person's perspective, evaluate social contexts, and be foresightful. Time commitment: about 3½ hours per week; Location: Pittsburgh, PA only

Treatment:

Behavioral: Cognitive Enhancement Therapy

Enriched Supportive Therapy

Active Comparator group

Description:

This research treatment uses individual supportive therapy to help adults learn about autism spectrum disorder, manage their emotions and stress, improve their social skills, and cope with everyday problems. Participants will learn about the impact of stress on their lives, and how to identify their own early cues of distress and apply effective coping strategies. Time commitment: about 1 hour per week; Location: Pittsburgh, PA only

Treatment:

Behavioral: Enriched Supportive Therapy