Comparing the Compliance to Follow-up in Patients With Diabetic Macular Edema

Lions Club International Foundation

Status

Completed

Conditions

Diabetic Macular Edema

Treatments

Other: WhatsApp group

Other: Control group

Study type

Interventional

Funder types

Other

Identifiers

NCT05019807

864-2020-P

Details and patient eligibility

About

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the microvascular complication in the eye due to uncontrolled diabetes. According to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF), 382 million people had diabetes in 2013 and this number is expected to rise to 592 million by 2035, while 175 million people remain undiagnosed. Ninety percent of these people suffer from type 2 Diabetes mellitus(DM). Over time, patients with non-proliferative DR may progress to more advance stages of DR, with increased risk of vision threatening conditions such as diabetic macular edema (DME). DME is the most frequent cause of vision loss in patients with diabetes and eventually can lead to blindness. The management strategy is crucial to prevent or limit the progression of DR. Patient education creates an important tool to control diabetes, to prevent complications and to reduce the cost. Several studies point out that diabetes group education, compared with individual education, was equally effective at improving diabetes control. Another group based education for type 2 DM shown effective in improving HbA1c, knowledge of diabetes, reduction of systolic blood pressure, body weight and requirement for diabetes medication. Studies have showed that group education had significant changes compared with individual education in HbA1c in 6 and 12, months and significant changes were found in fasting blood glucose in 12 months, diabetes knowledge, and self-management skills. Moreover, a study supported that, compared with individual counselling, group self-management education was associated with fewer acute complications and some improvements in the care process. There is no adequate evidence of which educations methods are the most effective in improving clinical outcomes of people with type 2 diabetes. There was a lack in diabetes management in India regarding the multidisciplinary diabetic intervention tool.

Thus the investigator's aim is to focus on interventions to improve the compliance, knowledge/awareness about diabetes, physical activity, diet plan and attendance for diabetic check-up which got emerged from a qualitative study. There is a need to monitor the diabetic patients closely to ensure the compliance towards intervention given at home.

Full description

This is a single centre hospital based randomized interventional study. Patients meeting the inclusion criteria will be recruited by researcher, from retina clinic through ophthalmologist who are specialized in diabetic eye examination. The study participants chosen randomly will be given awareness or education by digital tool through smart phone in the intervention group and other half will receive the normal care (non-intervention group). All patients will take their prescribed diabetes medicines as per advised by the diabetologist/physician.

Enrollment

20 patients

Sex

All

Ages

50 to 80 years old

Volunteers

No Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

Age greater than 50 years
Diagnosed care of DME who had not underwent treatment elsewhere
Received at least one laser treatment or pharmacotherapy
Attended at least one follow-up clinical visit
Patients willing to learn, listed to others and talk about themselves.
Patients who have access to smart phone.

Exclusion criteria

Patients with ocular co-morbidities other than DME
Patients refusing to abide by group guidelines and demonstrating serious problems with interpersonal relationships.
Contrary to popular opinion, people who do poorly in groups.
Difficult patients who are self-centered.