Conversion of Hyperglycemic Patients Being Treated With Intravenous Insulin Infusions to Lantus Insulin

Northwestern University

Status and phase: Completed; Phase 4

Conditions: Diabetes; Hyperglycemia

Treatments: Drug: insulin glargine

Study type: Interventional

Funder types: Other; Industry

Identifiers

NCT00338104

0361-028

Details and patient eligibility

About

The primary objective of this study is to determine the optimal dose of glargine insulin when converting from intravenous short-acting continuous insulin infusions in surgical and intensive care unit patients using a prospective, controlled, parallel group, randomized study design.

Note: Lantus insulin is the proprietary name for glargine insulin.

Full description

Critical illness causes an impairment of insulin secretion and insulin action, resulting in hyperglycemia even in normal individuals and a worsening of the hyperglycemia in patients with diabetes. Normalization of elevated glucose levels by intensive insulin infusion therapy in these critically ill patients has been proven to dramatically improve in-hospital mortality rates. After glucose levels have been controlled with insulin infusions, the best way to convert them to subcutaneous insulin regimens has not been demonstrated conclusively but the insulin regimen best suited is a combination of a basal insulin such as glargine (Lantus) insulin with premeal insulin boluses using a short-acting insulin such as Lispro or Aspart.

Subjects will be randomized into three groups, 25 subjects in each group, the groups differing according to the starting dose of glargine insulin as follows:

1. Multiply the total daily IV insulin dose, using the final 6 hour infusion rate to estimate the total daily dose, by 0.4 to get the starting dose of glargine, continuing the insulin drip for 5 hours after giving the glargine before stopping the infusion;
2. Multiply the total daily IV insulin dose, using the final 6 hour infusion rate to estimate the total daily dose, by 0.6 to get the starting dose of glargine, continuing the insulin drip for 5 hours after giving the glargine before stopping the infusion;
3. Multiply the total daily IV insulin dose, using the final 6 hour infusion rate to estimate the total daily dose, by 0.8 to get the starting dose of glargine, continuing the insulin drip for 5 hours after giving the glargine before stopping the infusion.

The glargine insulin will then be continued as the basal insulin, adjusting doses every 24 hours based on the fasting blood glucose level. In addition, patients will receive Lispro or Aspart insulin as prandial bolus insulins with the goals premeal being 80 - 120 mg/dl, including bedtime. Glucose measurements will be obtained every 1- 4 hours while patients are on their insulin infusions, depending upon the stability of their condition and the stability of their glucose levels. Following transfer to glargine insulin, they will have glucose measured at least four times per day, premeal and bedtime as per standard protocol in the hospital for patients receiving insulin. Glucose data will be obtained from such patients and this will be compared among the various glargine regimens.

Enrollment: 75 patients

Sex: All

Ages: 18 to 80 years old

Volunteers: No Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

• Fasting glucose > 100 mg/dl
• Patients on surgical services or in intensive care units receiving intravenous insulin

Exclusion criteria

• Inability to obtain informed consent from patient or next-of-kin
• Allergy to insulin
• Participation in another research study
• Patients for whom there are "do-not-resuscitate" orders

Trial design

Primary purpose: Treatment

Allocation: Randomized

Interventional model: Parallel Assignment

Masking: None (Open label)

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75 participants in 3 patient groups

40% Glargine

Experimental group

Description:

Patients will receive a dose of glargine insulin equal to 40% of insulin drip rate.

Treatment:

Drug: insulin glargine

Drug: insulin glargine

Drug: insulin glargine

60% Glargine

Experimental group

Description:

Patients will receive a dose of glargine insulin equal to 60% of insulin drip rate.

Treatment:

Drug: insulin glargine

Drug: insulin glargine

Drug: insulin glargine

80% Glargine

Experimental group

Description:

Patients will receive a dose of glargine insulin equal to 80% of insulin drip rate.

Treatment:

Drug: insulin glargine

Drug: insulin glargine

Drug: insulin glargine