Covid-19 Messaging to Underserved Communities - 2nd Experiment

National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.

Status: Completed

Conditions: Covid19

Treatments: Behavioral: Placebo videos; Behavioral: AMA Acknowledgement Drug Pricing; Behavioral: African American Sender Acknowledgement; Behavioral: White Sender in Informational Videos; Behavioral: African American Sender in Informational Videos.; Behavioral: Acknowledgement Racial Injustice AMA; Behavioral: No Racial Inequality Highlighting; Behavioral: Racial Inequality Highlighted; Behavioral: White Sender in Acknowledgement

Study type: Interventional

Funder types: Other

Identifiers

NCT04502056

2029880

Details and patient eligibility

About

The aim of the study is to build off results from our first experiment (NCT04371419) , and test whether messages that acknowledge racial injustice on behalf of institutions affect the retention of knowledge and movement of beliefs and behavior with respect to Covid-19. The investigators will also test the effect of concordance of providers and whether highlighting the unequal burden of the disease has additional effects on knowledge, beliefs and behavior regarding covid-19. The sample will include African American and white adult Americans and oversample those with less than a college degree.

Full description

Recent data have shown that covid19 is disproportionately infecting and killing African Americans and Latinx people in the United States. Moreover, since our last experiment, the killing of George Floyd by Minnesota police has raised awareness of structural racism in the United States.

The aim of the study is to build off results from our first experiment (NCT04371419) , and test whether messages that acknowledge racial injustice on behalf of institutions affect the retention of knowledge and movement of beliefs and behavior with respect to Covid-19. The investigators will also test the effect of concordance of providers and whether highlighting the unequal burden of the disease has additional effects on knowledge, beliefs and behavior regarding covid-19.The sample will include African American and white adult Americans and oversample those with less than a college degree.

Enrollment: 20,460 patients

Sex: All

Ages: 18+ years old

Volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion and exclusion criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

• adults who self-identify as African American or white.
• an oversample of individuals with less than a college education

Exclusion Criteria:

Trial design

Primary purpose: Prevention

Allocation: Randomized

Interventional model: Parallel Assignment

Masking: None (Open label)

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20,460 participants in 12 patient groups, including a placebo group

AMA RI - B- B - R

Experimental group

Description:

Respondents will be randomized to an AMA statement acknowledging racial injustice read by an African American individual. The messenger / doctor in the follow-up AMA videos will also be African American - the message on Covid-19 will include information on the disproportionate impact on communities of color.

Treatment:

Behavioral: Acknowledgement Racial Injustice AMA

Behavioral: Racial Inequality Highlighted

Behavioral: African American Sender in Informational Videos.

Behavioral: African American Sender Acknowledgement

AMA RI - B - B - N

Experimental group

Description:

Respondents will be randomized to an AMA statement acknowledging racial injustice read by an African American individual. The messenger / doctor in the follow-up AMA videos will also be African American - the message on Covid-19 will not include information on the disproportionate impact on communities of color.

Treatment:

Behavioral: No Racial Inequality Highlighting

Behavioral: Acknowledgement Racial Injustice AMA

Behavioral: African American Sender in Informational Videos.

Behavioral: African American Sender Acknowledgement

AMA RI - W - W - R

Experimental group

Description:

Respondents will be randomized to an AMA statement acknowledging racial injustice read by a white individual. The messenger / doctor in the follow-up AMA videos will be white - the message on Covid-19 will include information on the disproportionate impact on communities of color.

Treatment:

Behavioral: Acknowledgement Racial Injustice AMA

Behavioral: White Sender in Informational Videos

Behavioral: Racial Inequality Highlighted

Behavioral: White Sender in Acknowledgement

AMA RI - W - W - N

Experimental group

Description:

Respondents will be randomized to an AMA statement acknowledging racial injustice read by a white individual. The messenger / doctor in the follow-up AMA videos will be white - the message on Covid-19 will not include information on the disproportionate impact on communities of color.

Treatment:

Behavioral: No Racial Inequality Highlighting

Behavioral: Acknowledgement Racial Injustice AMA

Behavioral: White Sender in Informational Videos

Behavioral: White Sender in Acknowledgement

AMA DP - B- B - R

Experimental group

Description:

Respondents will be randomized to an AMA statement acknowledging drug pricing read by an African American individual. The messenger / doctor in the follow-up AMA videos will also be African American - the message on Covid-19 will include information on the disproportionate impact on communities of color .

Treatment:

Behavioral: Racial Inequality Highlighted

Behavioral: African American Sender in Informational Videos.

Behavioral: AMA Acknowledgement Drug Pricing

Behavioral: African American Sender Acknowledgement

AMA DP - B- B - N

Experimental group

Description:

Respondents will be randomized to an AMA statement acknowledging drug pricing read by an African American individual. The messenger / doctor in the follow-up AMA videos will also be African American - the message on Covid-19 will not include information on the disproportionate impact on communities of color.

Treatment:

Behavioral: No Racial Inequality Highlighting

Behavioral: African American Sender in Informational Videos.

Behavioral: AMA Acknowledgement Drug Pricing

Behavioral: African American Sender Acknowledgement

AMA DP - W- W - R

Experimental group

Description:

Respondents will be randomized to an AMA statement acknowledging drug pricing read by a white individual. The messenger / doctor in the follow-up AMA videos will be white - the message on Covid-19 will include information on the disproportionate impact on communities of color.

Treatment:

Behavioral: White Sender in Informational Videos

Behavioral: Racial Inequality Highlighted

Behavioral: White Sender in Acknowledgement

Behavioral: AMA Acknowledgement Drug Pricing

AMA DP - W- W - N

Experimental group

Description:

Respondents will be randomized to an AMA statement acknowledging drug pricing read by a white individual. The messenger / doctor in the follow-up AMA videos will be white - the message on Covid-19 will not include information on the disproportionate impact on communities of color.

Treatment:

Behavioral: No Racial Inequality Highlighting

Behavioral: White Sender in Informational Videos

Behavioral: White Sender in Acknowledgement

Behavioral: AMA Acknowledgement Drug Pricing

Control: AMA RI - B - B

Placebo Comparator group

Description:

Respondents will be randomized to an AMA statement acknowledging racial injustice read by an African American individual. The messenger / doctor in the follow-up AMA videos will also be African American - No message on Covid-19 will be shown. Acknowledgement Racial Injustice AMA: Investigators will examine whether acknowledgements of racial inequality are helpful towards improving knowledge retention and behaviors associated with the intervention among participants. In this arm, participants will receive a AMA statement on racial injustice. African American Sender Acknowledgement: Investigators will also vary the messenger of the acknowledgement sender. In this arm participants receive a African American sender in acknowledgment of AMA

Treatment:

Behavioral: Acknowledgement Racial Injustice AMA

Behavioral: African American Sender in Informational Videos.

Behavioral: Placebo videos

Behavioral: African American Sender Acknowledgement

Control: AMA RI - W - W

Placebo Comparator group

Description:

Respondents will be randomized to an AMA statement acknowledging racial injustice read by a white individual. The messenger / doctor in the follow-up AMA videos will also be white - No message on Covid-19 will be shown. Acknowledgement Racial Injustice AMA: Investigators will examine whether acknowledgements of racial inequality are helpful towards improving knowledge retention and behaviors associated with the intervention among participants. In this arm, participants will receive a AMA statement on racial injustice. White Sender Acknowledgement: Investigators will also vary the messenger of the acknowledgement sender. In this arm participants receive a white sender in acknowledgment of AMA

Treatment:

Behavioral: Acknowledgement Racial Injustice AMA

Behavioral: White Sender in Informational Videos

Behavioral: White Sender in Acknowledgement

Behavioral: Placebo videos

Control: AMA DP - B - B

Placebo Comparator group

Description:

Respondents will be randomized to an AMA statement acknowledging drug pricing read by an African American individual. The messenger / doctor in the follow-up AMA videos will also be African American - No message on Covid-19 will be shown. African American Sender Acknowledgement: Investigators will also vary the messenger of the acknowledgement sender. In this arm participants receive a African American sender in acknowledgment of AMA AMA Acknowledgement Drug Pricing: Investigators will examine whether acknowledgements of racial inequality are helpful towards improving knowledge retention and behaviors associated with the intervention among participants. In this arm, participants receive AMA information on drug pricing

Treatment:

Behavioral: African American Sender in Informational Videos.

Behavioral: AMA Acknowledgement Drug Pricing

Behavioral: Placebo videos

Behavioral: African American Sender Acknowledgement

Control: AMA DP - W - W

Placebo Comparator group

Description:

Respondents will be randomized to an AMA statement acknowledging drug pricing read by a white individual. The messenger / doctor in the follow-up AMA videos will also be white - No message on Covid-19 will be shown. White Sender Acknowledgement: Investigators will also vary the messenger of the acknowledgement sender. In this arm participants receive a white sender in acknowledgment of AMA AMA Acknowledgement Drug Pricing: Investigators will examine whether acknowledgements of racial inequality are helpful towards improving knowledge retention and behaviors associated with the intervention among participants. In this arm, participants receive AMA information on drug pricing

Treatment:

Behavioral: White Sender in Informational Videos

Behavioral: White Sender in Acknowledgement

Behavioral: AMA Acknowledgement Drug Pricing

Behavioral: Placebo videos