Dietary Patterns and Health Outcomes (Cardiovascular, Metabolic, Endocrine, Neurological, Skeletal Muscular, Cancer)

President and Fellows of Harvard College

Status: Completed

Conditions: Pregnancy Complications; Neoplasms; Diabetes Mellitus; Cardiovascular Diseases; Metabolic Disease; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Neurologic Symptoms; Endocrine System Diseases; Skeletal Anomalies

Treatments: Other: Dietary intake

Study type: Observational

Funder types: Other; NIH

Identifiers

NCT03328546

K01DK103720-01 (U.S. NIH Grant/Contract)

NHS2/DPS-GEN

K99ES026648 (U.S. NIH Grant/Contract)

UM1CA176726 (U.S. NIH Grant/Contract)

Details and patient eligibility

About

To study, prospectively, the association between dietary patterns and risk of health outcomes (cardiovascular, metabolic, endocrine, neurological, skeletal muscular, cancer) in cohort study of 116,671 women age 24 to 44 years at baseline in 1989 (the Nurses' Health Study II; NHS II).

Full description

Health status and lifestyle information was self-reported on a questionnaire at baseline, and on questionnaires distributed to participants biennially thereafter. Dietary intake data was collected in form of a comprehensive, 131-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), distributed among participants every four years. The response rate remained over 90%. Dietary data was validated using biomarkers, health status data using medical records.

Dietary pattern scores were derived from FFQs using cumulative average whenever possible from years preceding the outcomes.

Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate associations between dietary pattern scores and health outcomes, except in case of pregnancy complications (such as gestational diabetes mellitus/GDM and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy/HDPs) where multivariable logistic regression models with generalized estimating equations, with an exchangeable working correlation structure to account for correlated outcomes between pregnancies.

Enrollment: 116,671 patients

Sex: Female

Ages: 24 to 44 years old

Volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

• All women without history of chronic disease and/or primary outcome at the time of recruitment. Women contribute person-time until a first diagnosis of the primary outcome or until the end of follow-up.
• All women who reported a singleton pregnancy between 1991-2001 (data on pregnancy outcomes was collected on biennial questionnaires until 2001, since majority of women exited the reproductive age by then) (only for maternal outcomes)

Exclusion criteria

• women with a history of chronic disease (type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, or cancer) or other disease studied as the primary outcome
• women with a missing or incomplete FFQ (more than 70 out of 131 items missing, or with caloric intake <800 kcal/day or >3500kcal/day) prior to endpoint.
• women with missing data on the primary outcome on biennial questionnaire.
• twin/multiple pregnancy (only for maternal outcomes)