Early Lung Cancer Diagnosis in HIV Infected Population With an Important Smoking History With Low Dose CT: a Pilot Study (EP48 HIV CHEST)

ANRS, Emerging Infectious Diseases

Status

Completed

Conditions

Hiv Infection

Lung Cancer

Treatments

Radiation: Low dose computed tomography (CT)

Study type

Interventional

Funder types

Other

Identifiers

NCT01207986

AO 781-38

Details and patient eligibility

About

Early Lung Cancer diagnosis in a HIV-infected population with an important smoking history with low-dose CT: a pilot study: the HIV-CHEST study Objectives The main objective of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of lung cancers detected by low-dose computed tomography (CT) in a HIV-infected population with an important smoking history. Other objectives are (1) the evaluation of the types of lung cancers in this population, as well as (2) the staging of non small cell lung cancers, (3) the description of risk factors for all lung cancers, if they are numerous enough, and (4) the number of complications of diagnosis procedures during the study.

Full description

Background Epidemiological studies in France and in the western world have shown that lung cancers are the first cause of mortality amongst the non-AIDS classifying cancers in HIV-infected individuals, despite the introduction of combination antiretroviral therapies. Compared to the general population, there is an increased risk of lung cancer in HIV-infected individuals, even after adjustment on smoking and age, estimated to be around 2.6 compared to the general population. Outcomes are dismal, as diagnoses in HIV-infected individuals are usually made at very advanced stages (usually stage III or IV) without screening. Two non-randomized studies of CT-screening in a non HIV-infected population exposed to smoking have shown an important rate of early lung cancer detection and a high level of survival at 5 or 10 years. Despite a probable high prevalence of lung cancer in the HIV-infected population, no lung cancer screening or early diagnosis studies have been realised, and the prevalence is yet to be determined. We deduced from different studies of non HIV-infected populations a 3% prevalence in the HIV-infected population.

Methods Prospective multicentric and national study evaluating the prevalence of lung cancers through low-dose CT of 450 individuals with a known HIV-infection, with a nadir level of TCD4 cells < 350/µl, ≥ 40 years old and with a smoking history ≥ 20 packs a year (either active or with <3 years of weaning). CT interpretations and lung biopsies are guided by a suggested workup algorithm, which is not imposed in each HIV-caring centre.

Inclusion and follow up period Inclusion period will be 9 months, followed, in case of the discovery of a small nodule, by a CT follow up scheme of up to two years from first diagnosis. The study closes after 26 months of follow up.

Awaited results For the first time, this prospective study of lung cancers will estimate the prevalence of these cancers screened in the HIV-infected population. Risks associated with the incidence of this cancer will be investigated, including potential immune factors. An increased number of stage I non small cell lung cancers are expected.

Enrollment

450 patients

Sex

All

Ages

40 to 85 years old

Volunteers

No Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

Age ≥ 40 years
able to give written consent
HIV positive serology
Covered by French Social Security
Nadir L TCD4 < 350/µl
Rate of LTCD4 > 100/µl at inclusion
Addiction to smoking > 20 packages years, active person or deprived since < 3 years

Exclusion criteria