Effect of Care Provided Through Skin Care Protocol on Elderly Patients

Duygu AKÇA

Status: Completed

Conditions: Quality of Life; Elderly Person; Skin Moisture; Skin; Comfort

Treatments: Other: pre-mid-post test

Study type: Interventional

Funder types: Other

Identifiers

NCT06462690

2022-TS-53

Details and patient eligibility

About

The rate of elderly population is increasing in the world. It is reported that the proportion of the world population over the age of 60 will increase to 22% by 2050. With advancing age, the skin is inevitably affected and becomes more vulnerable to possible damage. Additionally, as the skin ages, it undergoes many internal and external deteriorations. Intrinsic aging refers to biological changes that cannot be prevented to a large extent. External factors; exposure to conditions such as ultraviolet rays and radiation. In addition, in elderly individuals, conditions such as frequent washing, especially washing with harsh products, lack of hygiene, trauma, decreased peripheral satisfaction, immobility, incontinence, diabetes, vascular changes, malnutrition, use of multiple medications, depression, and dementia are among the situations that increase the risk of deterioration in skin health Hypotheses of the Research H0-1=The care given to elderly patients according to the protocol prepared has no effect on the moisture status of the skin.

H1-1= The care given to elderly patients according to the prepared protocol affects the moisture status of the skin.

H0-2== The care given to elderly patients with the prepared protocol has no effect on their dermatological lives.

H1-2== The care given to elderly patients with the prepared protocol has an impact on their dermatological lives.

H0-3= The care provided with the protocol prepared for elderly patients has no effect on general comfort.

H1-3= The care provided with the protocol prepared in elderly patients has an effect on general comfort.

Full description

The rate of elderly population is increasing in the world. It is reported that the proportion of the world population over the age of 60 will increase to 22% by 2050. This aging of the population is one of the most important factors affecting the population demographic structure of all countries in the world. These demographic changes create many challenges in all healthcare systems and care settings around the world. Age-related morphological and functional changes affect the whole body, as well as negatively affecting the skin, which is the largest organ of the body. With advancing age, the skin is inevitably affected and becomes more vulnerable to possible damage. Additionally, as the skin ages, it undergoes many internal and external deteriorations. Intrinsic aging refers to biological changes that cannot be prevented to a large extent. External factors; exposure to conditions such as ultraviolet rays and radiation. In addition, in elderly individuals, conditions such as frequent washing, especially washing with harsh products, lack of hygiene, trauma, decreased peripheral satisfaction, immobility, incontinence, diabetes, vascular changes, malnutrition, use of multiple medications, depression, and dementia are. Among the situations that increase the risk of deterioration in skin health. For these reasons, skin care and protecting the integrity of the skin are the main goals of acute and long-term care. Physiological and pathological skin changes occur in the elderly: aged skin contains less collagen elastin and fatty tissue; skin elasticity decreases and shrinkage of the subcutaneous tissue occurs, resulting in the appearance of wrinkles and folds; the skin also has a decreased sebaceous gland and sweat gland activity causes the skin to become dry (xerosis) and more fragile; Arteriosclerotic changes in small and large vessels lead to thinning of the vessel walls and reduced blood flow to the extremities and therefore skin microcirculation.In this study; A protocol that protects the skin health of elderly patients was developed and a randomized controlled experiment was conducted to determine the effect of this protocol on skin moisture, dermatological quality of life and patient comfort in elderly patients. This thesis study is a randomized controlled experimental study with experimental and control groups and three follow-ups. In a similar study in the relevant literature, the effect size for skin moisture difference was calculated as 1.25 in the study conducted by Milani and Sparavigna (2017). In order to exceed the 95% value in determining the power of the study; 36 people, 18 in the groups, should be reached at a significance level of 5% and an effect size of 1.25 (df=34; t=2.032). In the study, it was aimed to reach a total of 44 people, 22 in the groups, considering the high power of the test and the losses.Patient Information Form, Dermatological Quality of Life Index, General Comfort Scale, Elderly Patient's Skin Evaluation Subjective Data Form, Elderly Patient's Skin Evaluation Objective Data Form, Elderly Patient's Pressure Injury Evaluation Form, Skin Moisture Measurement (DMM Skin Moisture Meter Device) will be used. Research data will be evaluated with the SPSS package program. Statistical significance level will be accepted as p<0.005 and p<0.001. CONSORT 2018 flow diagram was used in the study.

Enrollment: 42 patients

Sex: All

Ages: 60+ years old

Volunteers: No Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

• Individuals who are over 60 years of age, able to communicate, have not taken a bath in the last 24 hours, have not used skin moisture care products, and have not undergone any surgery in the last 6 months who voluntarily participate in the study will be included in the study (Hannel et al. 2017, Matsumoto et al. 2019, Cowdell et al. 2020).

Exclusion criteria

• Patients with extreme pain who receive radiotherapy chemotherapy, are allergic to any cleaning agent, and do not volunteer to participate in the study (Konya et al. 2021). He/she will be excluded from the study.

Trial design

Primary purpose: Prevention

Allocation: Randomized

Interventional model: Parallel Assignment

Masking: Triple Blind

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42 participants in 2 patient groups

Experimental Group

Experimental group

Description:

After determining the patients who meet the inclusion criteria and are willing to participate in the study, their consent is obtained and the protocol is applied by the researcher one day before the application, when the patient feels ready, using the face-to-face interview technique (PIF), (DLQI), (GCS), (SEF). Pre-test data is collected by applying it. Vital signs are taken and recorded. Skin moisture is measured with the DMM device. Braden Risk Assessment Scale is applied. After the measurements, the patient is given care according to the care protocol, measurements are made again in between, and then (DLQI), (GCS) is applied, and the skin moisture and vital signs are measured, and the process is concluded.

Treatment:

Other: pre-mid-post test

Control Group

No Intervention group

Description:

After the patients who meet the inclusion criteria and are willing to participate in the study are determined, their consent will be obtained and pre-test data will be collected by applying face-to-face interview techniques (PIF), (DLQI), (GCS) at a time when the patient feels ready. Vital signs will be taken and recorded. Skin moisture measurement will be made with a DMM device. Braden Risk Assessment Scale will be applied. After the measurements, according to the care protocol, the patients will not be given care, they will receive routine care, then (DLQI), (GCS) will be applied, skin moisture and vital signs will be measured and the procedure will be terminated.