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Uremic toxins such as p-cresol and phenol are suggested to be associated with higher mortality in hemodialysis patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of probiotics on serum p-cresol level in hemodialysis patients.
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Overall, 42 hemodialysis patients (10 women and 32 men) were divided randomly into the Lactobacillus rhamnosus group (21 patients) and the placebo group (21 patients).
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Inclusion Criteria:• Age more than 20 years
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42 participants in 2 patient groups, including a placebo group
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Data sourced from clinicaltrials.gov
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