Effect of Otago Exercise Program in Comparison With Dual Task Training on Balance and Postural Control in Elderly Population

Foundation University Islamabad

Status: Active, not recruiting

Conditions: Muscle Strength; Exercise Therapy; Postural Balance; Posture; Cognition; Aged; Fall Prevention

Treatments: Procedure: otago exercise; Procedure: Dual task exercise

Study type: Interventional

Funder types: Other

Identifiers

NCT06929351

FUI/CTR/2024/48

Details and patient eligibility

About

Balance and postural control are major concerns in reduction of risk of fall among older adults. Otago Exercise Program and dual task training program are commonly used approaches to improve balance, functional mobility and postural control. However, limited studies have compared the efficacy of Otago Exercise Program and dual task training program in improving balance and functional mobility. One-third to one-half of the population over age 60 reports injuries due to fall because of the high incidence of balance and mobility disorders in older adults, interventions are necessary that optimize the performance of balance- and mobility-related activities among older adults. The aim of the current study to find out better intervention which will benefit the clinicians and physiotherapists in clinical decision making of managing the geriatric population, suffering fear of fall, going to effect on their daily livings, with evidence.

Full description

Objective of study:

• To determine the effect of Otago Exercise Program in comparison with Dual task training on balance in elderly population.
• To determine the effect of Otago Exercise Program in comparison with Dual task training on functional mobility in elderly population.
• To determine the effect of Otago Exercise Program in comparison with Dual task training on postural control in elderly population.
• To determine the effect of Otago Exercise Program in comparison with Dual task training on reduction the fear of fall in elderly population. Significance of study
• The study will be going to highlight whether healthy older adults who perform Otago exercise program would show significant improvement on balance and postural control in comparison with dual task training program.
• Through this research medical professionals may identify the best treatment protocol in reduction of fear of fall among older adults.
• This study will helpful for the physiotherapists in clinical decision making of managing the geriatric population, suffering fear of fall, going to effect on their daily livings, with evidence.
• It will provide research data for further study and fill the research gap. Alternate hypothsis
• There will be statistically significant difference between Otago Exercise Program in comparison with Dual task training on balance in elderly population. (p<0.05)
• There will be statistically significant difference between Otago Exercise Program in comparison with Dual task training on postural control in elderly population. (p<0.05).
• There will be statistically significant difference between Otago Exercise Program in comparison with Dual task training on fear of fall in elderly population. (p<0.05)
• There will be statistically significant difference between Otago Exercise Program in comparison with Dual task training on functional mobility in elderly population (p<0.05).

Null hupothesis

• There will be no statistically significant difference between Otago Exercise Program in comparison with Dual task training on balance in elderly population. (p>0.05)
• There will be no statistically significant difference between Otago Exercise Program in comparison with Dual task training on postural control in elderly population. (p>0.05)
• There will be no statistically significant difference between Otago Exercise Program in comparison with Dual task training on fear of fall in elderly population. (p>0.05)
• There will be no statistically significant difference between Otago Exercise Program in comparison with Dual task training on functional mobility in elderly population. (p>0.05)

Enrollment: 30 estimated patients

Sex: All

Ages: 60+ years old

Volunteers: No Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

• Age ≥ 60 years
• both male and female,
• Older adults who are functionally independent,
• Can walk independently or with assistive devices will be considered typical healthy,
• Can sit to stand with or without support,
• Mini-mental status examination ≥ 24.

Exclusion criteria

• history of fracture especially in the lower limb,
• major cognitive issues (e.g. Alzheimer's disease, dementia),
• major orthopedic problems (e.g. lower limb fractures, amputation),
• neurological disease (e.g. stroke, Parkinson disease) or any other comorbidities that restrict mobility
• marked impairment of visual and vestibular function.

Trial design

Primary purpose: Treatment

Allocation: Randomized

Interventional model: Parallel Assignment

Masking: None (Open label)

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30 participants in 2 patient groups

Otago exercise group

Experimental group

Description:

Otago exercise program consist of strengthening exercise of lower limb muscles and along with balance exercises. Knee flexors, knee extensors and hip abductors, which are particularly important or functional movements and walking. Ankle dorsiflexor and plantar flexor muscles, which are particularly important for recovering balance. Ankle cuff weights provide resistance to the knee flexors, knee extensors and hip abductors; the ankle dorsiflexors and plantar flexors are strengthened using body weight alone. The balance exercises are dynamic as well as static. They can help to maintain balance, postural control and functional mobility. The program was designed specifically to prevent falls. It consists of a set of leg muscle strengthening and balance retraining exercises progressing in difficulty, and a walking plan. The exercises are individually prescribed and increase in difficulty during a series of visits under a trained instructor. ankle cuff weights (starting at 1kg) t

Treatment:

Procedure: otago exercise

Dual task group

Experimental group

Description:

Dual task training (DTT) is an intervention that involves performing two tasks simultaneously, typically a motor task (e.g., walking, standing) and a cognitive task (e.g., solving a mental puzzle, counting). The aim is to improve balance, postural control, functional mobility, and cognitive function, which are crucial for reducing the risk of falls among older adults. As people age, they experience declines in several areas, including: Reduced muscle strength, flexibility, and coordination make movements like walking or maintaining balance more difficult, Declines in attention, memory, and executive functions (e.g., problem-solving, decision- making) can make it challenging to focus on multiple things at once. For older adults, this dual tasking can increase the risk of imbalance and falls. DTT aims to improve older adults' ability to manage these simultaneous demands, making daily life safer and more manageable. Dual task training focuses on performing a motor task and a c

Treatment:

Procedure: Dual task exercise