Effectiveness of Integrated Network for Student Psychosocial Intervention, Resilience, and Education (INSPIRE) on Mental Health Outcomes Among Indonesian Adolescents in Bandung

National University of Singapore

Status: Active, not recruiting

Conditions: Adolescents; Resilience; School Intervention; Health Knowledge; Parents; Depression; Anxiety; Health Literacy; Mental Health

Treatments: Behavioral: INSPIRE (Integrated Network for Student Psychosocial Intervention, Resilience, and Education)

Study type: Interventional

Funder types: Other

Identifiers

NCT06942637

241/UN6.KEP/EC/2025

Details and patient eligibility

About

The INSPIRE (Integrated Network for Student Psychosocial Intervention, Resilience, and Education) intervention is an 8-week, school-based mental health program designed to enhance adolescents' mental health literacy and resilience while addressing symptoms of depression and anxiety. Implementation is conducted by school counselors who undergo an intensive two-day training program. The intervention is supported by comprehensive curriculum materials including detailed lesson plans, activities, discussion prompts, and instructional slides featuring key concepts, visuals, and explanatory content. Supplementary materials are developed for both participating adolescents and their parents.

The study aims to:

1. Evaluate the usability and feasibility of the INSPIRE intervention within the school environment.

2. Assess the intervention's effectiveness in improving:

   • Primary outcome: Mental health knowledge among adolescents
   • Secondary outcomes: Attitudes toward mental health, help-seeking behaviors, mental health literacy, resilience, and symptoms of depression and anxiety among adolescents
   • Secondary outcomes: mental health knowledge, attitudes, help-seeking behaviors, and mental health literacy among parents

3. Explore the experiences of intervention participants (both adolescents and parents) against the control group to develop comprehensive insights into the psychosocial intervention's impact.

The research hypothesis proposes that the INSPIRE intervention group will demonstrate significantly higher scores in mental health knowledge, more positive attitudes toward mental health, increased help-seeking behaviors, enhanced mental health literacy, and greater resilience, while simultaneously showing reduced symptoms of depression and anxiety compared to the control group receiving standard care. These outcomes will be measured immediately following the intervention (post-test 1) and at one-month follow-up (post-test 2).

Full description

Pilot Study The pilot study was conducted as a two-centre, two-arm cluster randomised controlled trial with a pre-test-post-test design and a 1:1 allocation ratio. Randomisation was performed at the school (cluster) level to minimise contamination. The pilot phase was implemented from 28 April to July 2025.

Randomised Controlled Trial (RCT) The full-scale randomised controlled trial expanded to a multi-centre design involving five centres, maintaining a two-arm cluster randomised structure with school-level allocation. The RCT commenced in September 2025 and is currently ongoing.

Enrollment: 680 estimated patients

Sex: All

Ages: 13 to 15 years old

Volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

The inclusion criteria for adolescents are as follows:

• Unmarried, 13-15 years old, school-going, healthy adolescents enrolled in an Indonesian public junior high school
• Able to read, understand, and converse in Bahasa Indonesia.

The inclusion criteria for parents are as follows:

• The biological father, mother, or an adult who fulfils a parental or guardian role for the participating adolescent
• Able to understand and communicate in Bahasa Indonesia.

Exclusion criteria

• Adolescents who are working, clinically diagnosed with severe mental disorders, such as schizophrenia or psychosis, at high risk for mental health disorders (e.g., teenage pregnancy), or are cognitively impaired will be excluded.
• Parents with severe mental disorders or cognitive impairment that may hinder participation will be excluded.

Trial design

Primary purpose: Supportive Care

Allocation: Randomized

Interventional model: Parallel Assignment

Masking: None (Open label)

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680 participants in 2 patient groups

Standard school health routine care

No Intervention group

INSPIRE Intervention

Experimental group

Description:

Receive an 8-week school-based program aimed at enhancing adolescent mental health, attitudes towards mental health and help-seeking behaviors, mental health literacy, resilience and addressing depression and anxiety.

Treatment:

Behavioral: INSPIRE (Integrated Network for Student Psychosocial Intervention, Resilience, and Education)