Effectiveness of Mechano-Analgesia and Cold Application on Ecchymosis, Pain and Satisfaction at Subcutaneous Heparin Injection

Istanbul Saglik Bilimleri University

Status: Completed

Conditions: Injection Site Bruising; Injection Site Reaction

Treatments: Device: Ice pack; Device: ShotBlocker

Study type: Interventional

Funder types: Other

Identifiers

NCT03645369

108400987-67

Details and patient eligibility

About

Fifty-five patients received three subcutaneous heparin injections (165 injections) by the same investigator using additional techniques such as mechano-analgesia and cold application, and without any additional techniques.

Full description

The abdomen was divided into four quarters. The first, second, and third SC heparin injections were applied from the right abdominal region using ShotBlocker®, left abdominal region with an ice pack, and lower abdominal region without any additional application, respectively. All the injection sites were circled using a skin marking pen (r = 5 cm).

All the injections were administered following a standard procedure. Pain and satisfaction were assessed immediately after the injection by using the VAS score. Ecchymosis was assessed with an ecchymosis measurement tool at 48 and 60 hours after the injection (Figure 3).

Enrollment: 165 patients

Sex: All

Ages: 18 to 90 years old

Volunteers: No Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

• Must be older than 18 years
• Open to communication
• No complications during the operation
• Normal body mass index (BMI; reference range, 18.5-29.9 kg/m2) (d) and
• Platelet count (150.000-300.000)
• Give consent to participate in the study

Exclusion criteria

• Oral and parenteral anticoagulant treatment for at least 5 days
• Infection, scar tissue or incision, and parenteral treatment in their abdominal area
• Hematological and allergic disease

Trial design

Primary purpose: Supportive Care

Allocation: Non-Randomized

Interventional model: Parallel Assignment

Masking: Single Blind

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165 participants in 3 patient groups

Mechano-Analgesia

Experimental group

Description:

The first SC heparin injections were applied from the right abdominal region using ShotBlocker®.

Treatment:

Device: ShotBlocker

Cold Application

Experimental group

Description:

The second SC heparin injections were applied from the left abdominal region with an ice pack

Treatment:

Device: Ice pack

Control

No Intervention group

Description:

The second SC heparin injections were applied from the lower abdominal region without any additional application