Effects of a Progressive Adapted Physical Education Program on Muscular Strength and Endurance in Adolescents With Mild Intellectual Disability (PAPE-MID)

Inonu University

Status: Completed

Conditions: Muscular Strength; Intellectual Disability, Mild

Treatments: Behavioral: Progressive Adapted Physical Education Program

Study type: Interventional

Funder types: Other

Identifiers

NCT07599033

INU-APE-MID-2026

Inonu University Institutional (Other Identifier)

Details and patient eligibility

About

This randomized controlled trial investigated the effects of a 10-week progressive adapted physical education program on muscular strength and muscular endurance in adolescents with mild intellectual disability. Physical inactivity and reduced physical fitness are common among adolescents with intellectual disabilities and may negatively affect functional independence, health, and quality of life.

Participants were randomly assigned to either an intervention group or a control group. The intervention group participated in a structured adapted physical education program in addition to their regular school activities, while the control group continued their usual curriculum without additional exercise intervention. The program was implemented progressively over 10 weeks and included activities designed to improve upper-body strength, lower-body strength, core endurance, and overall muscular fitness.

Before and after the intervention period, participants completed physical fitness assessments evaluating muscular strength and endurance. The aim of this study was to determine whether a progressive adapted physical education program could improve physical fitness outcomes in adolescents with mild intellectual disability.

Full description

Adolescents with intellectual disability often demonstrate lower levels of physical fitness, muscular strength, and muscular endurance compared with their typically developing peers. These limitations may reduce participation in daily activities and negatively influence long-term health outcomes. Adapted physical education programs are considered important interventions for improving physical fitness and functional capacity in individuals with intellectual disabilities.

The purpose of this randomized controlled trial was to examine the effects of a progressive adapted physical education program on muscular strength and muscular endurance in adolescents with mild intellectual disability. Participants were randomly assigned to either an intervention group or a control group. The intervention group participated in a structured 10-week adapted physical education program in addition to regular school activities, whereas the control group continued their usual educational curriculum without additional exercise intervention.

The exercise program was progressively organized and included activities targeting upper-body strength, lower-body strength, trunk endurance, and general muscular fitness. Physical fitness assessments were conducted before and after the intervention period to evaluate changes in muscular strength and endurance parameters.

The findings of this study are expected to contribute to evidence-based adapted physical education practices for adolescents with intellectual disability and to support the development of effective school-based exercise interventions.

Enrollment: 46 patients

Sex: All

Ages: 12 to 18 years old

Volunteers: No Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

• Adolescents diagnosed with mild intellectual disability
• Participants enrolled in special education programs
• Ability to participate in physical activity assessments and exercise sessions
• Written informed consent obtained from parents or legal guardians

Exclusion criteria

• Presence of orthopedic, neurological, or cardiovascular conditions preventing participation in exercise
• Severe behavioral problems limiting participation in assessments or training sessions
• Participation in another structured exercise program during the study period
• Failure to complete baseline or post-intervention assessments

Trial design

Primary purpose: Treatment

Allocation: Randomized

Interventional model: Parallel Assignment

Masking: None (Open label)

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46 participants in 2 patient groups

Progressive Adapted Physical Education

Experimental group

Description:

A structured 10-week adapted physical education program designed to improve muscular strength and muscular endurance in adolescents with mild intellectual disability.

Treatment:

Behavioral: Progressive Adapted Physical Education Program

Usual Curriculum Control

No Intervention group

Description:

Participants in the control group continued their usual school curriculum without additional exercise intervention.