Effects of Antenatal Education on Fear of Birth, Depression, Anxiety, Childbirth Self-efficacy, and Mode of Delivery in Primiparous Pregnant Women

Selcuk University

Status: Completed

Conditions: Antenatal Education; Depression, Anxiety; Mode of Delivery; Fear of Childbirth; Childbirth Self Efficacy; Stress

Treatments: Behavioral: Antenat education

Study type: Interventional

Funder types: Other

Identifiers

NCT04097782

201920192019

Details and patient eligibility

About

Background: Caesarean delivery rates are quite high, especially in primipara, in Turkey. Fear of birth, low childbirth self-efficacy, and psychological factors may be among the primary causes. Since antenatal educations are not universal and there are differences in educational contents, there is not sufficient evidence on this topic in international studies.

Objective: To investigate the effects of antenatal education on birth fear, depression, anxiety, stress, childbirth self-efficacy, and mode of delivery in primiparous pregnant women.

Full description

Background: Caesarean delivery rates are quite high, especially in primipara, in Turkey. Fear of birth, low childbirth self-efficacy, and psychological factors may be among the primary causes. Since antenatal educations are not universal and there are differences in educational contents, there is not sufficient evidence on this topic in international studies.

Objective: To investigate the effects of antenatal education on birth fear, depression, anxiety, stress, childbirth self-efficacy, and mode of delivery in primiparous pregnant women.

Design: A single-blind, prospective, randomized controlled trial. Setting and Participants: The study was conducted in a province in Central Anatolia region in Turkey, and the data were collected between April 2019 and September 2019. Randomized block assignment was used to assign 120 primiparous pregnant women to either the antenatal education group (n = 60) or the control group (n = 60). At the end of the study, 112 women were evaluated.

Measurements: Those in the antenatal education group received two-hour (240 min) educational sessions, twice a week, for 4 weeks. Data were collected by demographic and labor outcomes information form, The Wijma Delivery Expectancy/Experience Questionnaire (Version A and B), Childbirth Self-Efficacy Inventory, and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale.

Enrollment: 112 patients

Sex: Female

Ages: 18 to 45 years old

Volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

• Pregnant women (between 20 and 32 gestation weeks),
• Healthy,
• Nulliparous with singleton pregnancies,
• Older than 18 years.
• Involved giving birth at full term,
• Having a healthy newborn (born at 38-42 weeks of gestation)

Exclusion criteria

• Women taking medication for a diagnosed mental illness (e.g., antidepressants, antianxiety or antipsychotic medication),
• Women with complicated or high- risk pregnancies,
• Anticipating or experiencing a perinatal death (e.g., congenital abnormality incompatible) or stillbirth,
• Having experienced no postnatal complications (hemorrhage, puerperal infection, mastitis, thromboembolic disease or postpartum psychiatric disorder).

Trial design

Primary purpose: Supportive Care

Allocation: Randomized

Interventional model: Parallel Assignment

Masking: Single Blind

---

112 participants in 2 patient groups

Control Group

No Intervention group

Description:

Prior to the study, primiparous pregnant women presented to the outpatient clinic for routine pregnancy control were introduced with free prenatal education classes and they were invited to participate in the study. Primiparous women who volunteered to participate in the study and met the inclusion criteria were included in the study and they formed the experimental and control group. Control group did not receive antenatal education and they received prenatal care service routinely provided at the polyclinics of the same hospital.

Experimental Group

Experimental group

Description:

Antenatal education group The primiparous pregnant women assigned to the intervention group participated in education classes in groups of 8-10 people. Pregnant women were given structured antenatal education twice a week for two weeks (240 minutes). The total education time was 16 hours. Each session comprised 150 minutes presentation of theoretical knowledge, 45 minutes warm-up and stretching exercises, and 45 minutes relaxation exercises.

Treatment:

Behavioral: Antenat education