Effects of Meal Characteristics on Appetite

Göteborg University

Status: Completed

Conditions: Obesity and Obesity-related Medical Conditions; Appetite

Treatments: Other: Meal low in energy density, low in ultra-processed food; Other: Meal high in energy density, high in ultra-processed food; Other: Meal low in energy density, high in ultra-processed food; Other: Meal high in energy density, low in ultra-processed food

Study type: Interventional

Funder types: Other

Identifiers

NCT07178405

2025-02415-01

Details and patient eligibility

About

The overall aim of the study is to determine effects of different meal characteristics on energy intake, eating rate and appetite.

Enrollment: 85 patients

Sex: All

Ages: 18 to 64 years old

Volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

• Age 18-64 years
• Body mass index (BMI) 18.5-35.0 kg/m2
• Weight stability the last 3 months +/-5%

Exclusion criteria

• Food allergies, intolerances or preferences preventing consumption of any products included in the study.

• Unable to sufficiently understand written and spoken Swedish or English to provide written consent and understand information and instructions from the study personal.

• Pregnant, lactating or planning a pregnancy during the study period.

• History of stomach or gastrointestinal conditions or major gastrointestinal surgery (Inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn's disease, malabsorption, colostomy, bowel resection, gastric bypass surgery etc.)

• Type 1 diabetes or type 2 diabetes.

• Drug treated thyroid disorder

  •- Following any weight reduction program or having followed one during the last 6 months prior to screening.

• Medication for weight reduction purpose effecting appetite or fat absorption (e.g. GLP-1 analogues, orlistat)

• Severe dysfunctional eating behavior based on Three Factor Eating Questionnaire

Trial design

Primary purpose: Prevention

Allocation: Randomized

Interventional model: Factorial Assignment

Masking: Single Blind

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85 participants in 4 patient groups

LL

Experimental group

Description:

Meal low in energy density, low in ultra-processed food

Treatment:

Other: Meal low in energy density, low in ultra-processed food

LH

Experimental group

Description:

Meal low in energy density, high in ultra-processed food

Treatment:

Other: Meal low in energy density, high in ultra-processed food

HL

Experimental group

Description:

Meal high in energy density, low in ultra-processed food

Treatment:

Other: Meal high in energy density, low in ultra-processed food

HH

Experimental group

Description:

Meal high in energy density, high in ultra-processed food

Treatment:

Other: Meal high in energy density, high in ultra-processed food