Effects of Pursed Lip Breathing Technique Versus Stacked Breathing Technique Among Chronic Bronchitis Patients

Riphah International University

Status: Completed

Conditions: Chronic Bronchitis

Treatments: Other: Stacked Breathing; Other: pursed lip

Study type: Interventional

Funder types: Other

Identifiers

NCT06242210

REC/RCR&AHS/23/0336

Details and patient eligibility

About

Chronic bronchitis is a non-allergic, inflammatory disease that is developed because of inflamed bronchial walls, and, is characterized by persistent cough with sputum for 3 months for 2 consecutive years at least. It affects males more than females at the age of 40 years, with increasing incidence as the age progresses. Chronic bronchitis is associated with multiple health-related issues like; dyspnea, reduced lung volumes and capacities, poor quality of life, and physical inactivity. Its clinical manifestations are coped with using the pharmaceutical approach, surgical maneuvers, and pulmonary rehabilitation. In the context of pulmonary rehabilitation, pursed lip breathing and stacked breathing are evident to deal with symptoms of chronic bronchitis and make the individuals lead a physically active and healthy life. In this research study, patients will be enrolled with strict adherence to eligibility criteria and then allocated into two groups by using the convenience sampling technique after having their written informed consent form. The participants will either receive pursed lip breathing technique or a stacked breathing technique, which will be followed by baseline treatment at every session. Both groups will be then subjected to receive intervention that will take a duration of 40 minutes every session, 30 minutes of baseline treatment, and 10 minutes of intervention, for the period of 2 weeks with the frequency of performing the intervention thrice per day. The outcomes will be evaluated by using a modified Borg scale for dyspnea, a peak expiratory flow meter for lung volumes, a pulse oximeter for oxygenation, and EuroQol; 5D-5L for quality of life. Data will be recorded at pre-treatment, on the 1st day, and post-treatment, on the 14th day. The recorded data will be then entered and analyzed using SPSS (Statistical Package of Social Sciences) version 23.

Enrollment: 34 patients

Sex: All

Ages: 40 to 60 years old

Volunteers: No Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

• Both genders will be included.
• Patients lie in the age ranges from 40 to 60 years.
• Patients diagnosed with chronic bronchitis. for more than one year.
• Patients presents with reduction in movements of chest wall, which reduces the area of entrance for air.
• Patients who have no history of usage of corticosteroids and anabolic steroid from previous three months.
• Patients do not experience severe obstruction of airflow i.e.: value of FEV1 is at 50% of the predicted value.
• Patients have no history or persistence of COVID-19

Exclusion criteria

• • Any recent thoracic surgeries and abdominal surgeries.

  • Patients lie at the Grade IV of modified medical research council dyspnea scale.
  • Patients who present with history of any respiratory disease from two preceding months.
  • Patients receiving any maneuvers of pulmonary rehabilitation from previous two months.
  • Patients who experience chronic respiratory failure demanding for supplemental oxygen.
  • Patients have persisting cardiac and pulmonary hypertension that interferes with compliance of intervention.
  • Patients who had other chronic respiratory diseases, new or current smoker, and had respiratory tract infection

Trial design

Primary purpose: Treatment

Allocation: Randomized

Interventional model: Parallel Assignment

Masking: Double Blind

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34 participants in 2 patient groups

Pursed Lip Breathing Technique

Experimental group

Description:

Patient will be asked to attain fowler's position by placing a pillow in front of his trunk to support a comfortable breathing pattern. Then, patient will be instructed to inhale through nose deeply until no more air can be inhaled and which will be followed by a slow expiration through pursed or rounded lip, like at the time of whistling.Patient will also be demonstrated visually for the proper breathing pattern even for once to multiple times till complete understanding before performing itself. The technique will be administered to the patient under supervision for 10 minutes, and the patient will be instructed to use this trained exercise in his daily routine as per needed.

Treatment:

Other: pursed lip

Stacked Breathing

Experimental group

Description:

Patient will be asked to attain recumbent position by lying supine at a reclining angle to support a comfortable breathing pattern. Then, patient will be instructed to inhale slowly and deeply once through nose and hold it, then inhale again slowly and deeply through nose and trap the air in again over the first one, then inhale again until no more air can be inhaled and which will be held for a bit then followed by a slow and quiet expiration. Patient will also be demonstrated visually for the proper breathing pattern even for once to multiple times till complete understanding before performing itself

Treatment:

Other: Stacked Breathing