Effects of Wine Grape Pomace Flour Used as a Dietary Supplement on Metabolic Syndrome Components

Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile

Status: Completed

Conditions: Oxidative Stress; Metabolic Syndrome X

Treatments: Dietary Supplement: Red wine grape pomace flour (WGPF)

Study type: Interventional

Funder types: Other

Identifiers

NCT02202863

13-029

FONDEF AF10 I1014 (Other Identifier)

Details and patient eligibility

About

Lifestyle modifications, including healthy food intake, exercise, and suppression of tobacco smoking, constitute the most powerful tool to fight chronic diseases. Antioxidants and fiber, two components of Mediterranean diets, are key functional elements for healthy eating and nutrition. We prepared flour from wine grape pomace (WGPF), a rich source of antioxidant and fiber, to be used as an ingredient for functional foods and as a dietary supplement to increase the intake of dietary fiber and bioactive compounds. WGPF was obtained from red grapes (Cabernet Sauvignon variety, Chile). The byproduct of pressing crushed grapes after alcoholic fermentation was dried, grounded and stored. The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of red wine grape pomace flour intake on glycaemia, plasma lipid profile, plasma antioxidants (vitamin C and E), oxidative stress and inflammatory markers.

Full description

A 16-week longitudinal intervention study. Males, 30-65 years of age, with at least one component of metabolic syndrome, were randomly assigned to either the intervention group or the control group. At lunch, the intervention group was given 20 g of WGPF per day, which contained 10 g of dietary fiber and an antioxidant capacity of 7,258 ORAC (oxygen radical absorbance capacity) units. Both groups were asked to maintain their regular eating habits and lifestyles. Clinical evaluation, anthropometric measurements and biochemical blood analyses were done at the beginning and the end of the study.

The intervention was carried out at a heavy mining machinery company in Santiago, Chile. All employees were informed about the study and invited to participate. Initially, 47 male workers free of exclusion criteria agreed to participate. The number of participants in each group was chosen based on the variation coefficients in the evolution of total cholesterol in the intervention and in the control group, observed in a previous work (Jiménez, J.P., et al., Effects of grape antioxidant dietary fiber in cardiovascular disease risk factors. Nutrition, 2008. 24(7-8): 646-53).

Statistical analysis: Continuous variables will be shown as mean and standard deviation, while categorical variables as the number of cases and percentage. The student t-test for independent samples and the chi-square test will be used to analyze differences of means and proportions between the two groups, respectively. The student t-test for paired samples and McNemar's test will be used to analyze differences of means and proportions within each group. When appropriate, the Wilcoxon signed rank-sum test will be used to compare paired medians. All p values will be two-tailed and a value <0.05 will be considered to be statistically significant. Data processing and statistical analyses will be done with the SAS statistical software package version 9.1 for Windows.

Enrollment: 47 patients

Sex: Male

Ages: 30 to 65 years old

Volunteers: No Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

• Subject who regularly consumed an omnivorous diet.
• Subjects that had at least one of the five components of metabolic syndrome.

Exclusion criteria

• Subjects that were under treatment for diabetes mellitus, hypertension (> 160/100) or dyslipidemia (hypertriglyceridemia> 500 mg / dl, hypercholesterolemia> 350 mg / dl)
• Subjects who consume drugs affecting lipid profile, blood pressure, metabolism of carbohydrates or the antioxidant capacity of plasma.
• Subjects with obesity, BMI > 30
• Subjects who have had a cardiovascular event.
• Subjects with bariatric surgery
• Subjects with untreated thyroid disease, renal disease (serum creatinine> 1.5 mg / dl), active liver disease, or other rheumatic disease that could alter the measurements.
• Subjects with chronic inflammatory diseases.
• Subjects that use of supplements containing antioxidants.
• Smoking more than 5 cigarettes per day

Trial design

Primary purpose: Prevention

Allocation: Randomized

Interventional model: Parallel Assignment

Masking: None (Open label)

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47 participants in 2 patient groups

Red Wine Grape Pomace Flour (WGPF)

Experimental group

Description:

Subjects were asked to maintain their regular eating habits and lifestyles for 16 weeks, except for the daily intake of 20 g of WGPF. WGPF was consumed in bread, biscuits or as flour mixed with water during lunch. Bread and biscuits with 20% WGPF were prepared especially in a bakery. WGPF intake was supervised every day at lunch. Participants were asked to consume the flour supplement with their regular meals on weekends.

Treatment:

Dietary Supplement: Red wine grape pomace flour (WGPF)

Control

No Intervention group

Description:

Subjects were asked to maintain their regular eating habits and lifestyles for 16 weeks.