Efficacy of Antibiotic Short Course for Bloodstream Infections in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients With Febrile Neutropenia

Poitiers University Hospital

Status: Completed

Conditions: Febrile Neutropenia; Bloodstream Infection; Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Treatments: Drug: Antibiotic

Study type: Observational

Funder types: Other

Identifiers

NCT04910698

Antibioshort neutropenia

Details and patient eligibility

About

There is no specific recommendation about antimicrobial treatment length for documented infections in chemotherapy induced febrile neutropenia. The aim of this study was to compare long versus short antibiotic course for bloodstream infection treatment in acute myeloid leukemia patients during febrile neutropenia. This monocentric retrospective comparative study included all consecutive bloodstream infection episodes among acute myeloid leukemia patients with febrile neutropenia for 3 years (2017-2019). Episodes were classified regarding the length of antibiotic treatment, considered as short course if the treatment lasted ≤7 days, except for nonfermenting bacteria and Staphylococcus aureus or lugdunensis for which the threshold was ≤10 days and ≤14 days, respectively. The primary outcome was the number of bloodstream infection relapses in both groups within 30 days of antibiotic discontinuation.

Enrollment: 104 patients

Sex: All

Ages: 18+ years old

Volunteers: No Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

• Acute myeloid leukemia
• chemo-induced febrile neutropenia
• Bloodstream infection

Exclusion criteria

• lack of data
• endovascular infections
• surgical treatment required
• central nervous system infections
• antibiotic treatment < 4 days
• death before the end of antibiotic treatment
• unappropriated antibiotic treatment at 48h
• relapses of bloodstream infection episodes already included
• hematopoietic stem cell transplant

Trial design

104 participants in 2 patient groups

Short course treatment

Description:

Patients who received antibiotic for 7 or less days, except for nonfermenting bacteria and Staphylococcus aureus or lugdunensis for which the threshold was 10 days and 14 days, respectively.

Treatment:

Drug: Antibiotic

Long course treatment

Description:

Patients who received antibiotic for more than 7 days, except for nonfermenting bacteria and Staphylococcus aureus or lugdunensis for which the threshold was 10 days and 14 days, respectively.

Treatment:

Drug: Antibiotic