Efficacy of Single Dose IV Hydrocortisone in Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Prevention

Sheba Medical Center

Status: Unknown

Conditions: Post Traumatic Stress Disorder

Treatments: Drug: Placebo; Drug: Hydrocortisone

Study type: Interventional

Funder types: Other; NIH

Identifiers

NCT00855270

SHEBA-09-6884-JZ-CTIL

Details and patient eligibility

About

This study is designed to test the hypothesis that a single Hydrocortisone intra venous injection within 6 hours post-trauma facilitates physiological recovery thereby preventing the development of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in the months following the event. In the absence of such treatment (i.e., under placebo conditions), we hypothesize that a greater proportion of persons would develop PTSD (i.e., fail to recover from acute effects).

Full description

This is a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in which trauma victims are randomized to receive a single intravenous injection of either Hydrocortisone (90-150mg)or placebo within the first six hours following trauma exposure. To provide a pre-treatment baseline, participants will receive a medical and psychological evaluation prior to treatment. After two weeks the research assistant or study psychiatrist will perform behavioral ratings and complete history details pertaining to PTSD risk factors. Participants will be assessed again by the study psychiatrist or research assistants at 1, 3, 8 & 13 months. Eligible subjects will include men and women over the age of 21, who have been exposed to an event meeting the DSM-IV "A.1" criterion for trauma exposure, and who provide written, informed consent to participate in the study. In order to recruit persons who are more likely to be at risk for the development of PTSD, we will only randomize persons expressing marked anxiety, emotional distress or dissociation, as assessed by the Visual Analog Scales. Potential participants will be recruited from trauma victims arriving at the Chaim Sheba Medical Center Emergency Room.

Enrollment: 120 estimated patients

Sex: All

Ages: 21 to 65 years old

Volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

1. Persons over the age of 21, who have been exposed to an event meeting the DSM-IV "A.1" criterion for trauma exposure, expressing marked anxiety, and/ or emotional distress and/or dissociation, as assessed by the Visual Analog Scales
2. Who provide written, informed consent to participate in the study.

Exclusion criteria

1. Physical injury that would contraindicate participation or interfere with a subject's ability to give informed consent or cooperate with the screening or collection of initial measures. Examples include severe burn injury, life-threatening medical or surgical condition, condition requiring surgical intervention under general anesthesia, as indicated by Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS), or by clinical judgment;
2. Head injury involving confusion, loss of consciousness, or amnesia;
3. Medical conditions such as extreme obesity, psoriasis, herpes, Cushing's syndrome, current infectious disease, current viral disease, tuberculosis, unstable diabetes or hypertension, myasthenia gravis, and heart failure. Persons taking medications that can interfere with the HPA axis (e.g.,steroids, betablockers,indomethacin) will be excluded;
4. Weight below 45 or above 120 kg.
5. Pregnancy (in suggestive cases, a pregnancy test will be performed);
6. Traumatic exposure that reflects ongoing victimization (e.g., domestic violence) to which the subject is likely to be re-exposed during the study period.
7. Overt psychopathology, intoxication, or under the influence of substances.
8. Evidence or history of schizophrenia, bipolar, other psychotic condition;
9. Prior history of PTSD;
10. Current or past history of dementia, amnesia, or other cognitive disorder predating trauma exposure;
11. Assessed serious suicide risk.

Trial design

Primary purpose: Prevention

Allocation: Randomized

Interventional model: Parallel Assignment

Masking: Quadruple Blind

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120 participants in 2 patient groups, including a placebo group

saline

Placebo Comparator group

Description:

An IV injection of saline will be administered to the control group in a double blind, randomized manner.

Treatment:

Drug: Placebo

Hydrocortisone

Experimental group

Description:

IV hydrocortisone will be given in a double blind random manner as the active treatment group

Treatment:

Drug: Hydrocortisone