Enhancing Preventative Health Behaviors Among Emergency Department Hyperglycemic Patients

Rutgers The State University of New Jersey

Status: Enrolling

Conditions: Hyperglycemia; Type 2 Diabetes

Treatments: Behavioral: Educational Intervention

Study type: Interventional

Funder types: Other

Identifiers

NCT06663813

Pro2024000602

Details and patient eligibility

About

The goal of this clinical trial is to increase Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus knowledge and awareness among patients who present to the Emergency Department with hyperglycemia. The main questions it aims to answer are:

• How do patients view their risk of developing type 2 diabetes based on their demographics and behaviors?
• Does giving patient education increase patient knowledge, leading to healthier behaviors?

Researchers will assess if the educational intervention increases diabetes knowledge and positive health behaviors among Emergency Department hyperglycemic patients.

Participants will:

• Receive the educational packet (intervention) alongside standard Emergency Care.
• Take pre-survey at time of Emergency Department visit and post- survey two weeks later.

Full description

Despite the large prevalence of patients presenting to the Emergency Department (ED) with hyperglycemia or disease manifestations related to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), there remains a gap in our understanding of rapid educational strategies delivered within the ED itself. As such, the goal of this project is to utilize the Health Belief Model (HBM) framework to target ED patients' perceived susceptibility, severity, benefits, and barriers in an effort to enhance proactive health behaviors, such as primary care physician (PCP) follow-up and utilization of medication assistance programs, among ED patients.

We will recruit 400 English speaking adults who present to the ED with a blood glucose of ≥200 mg/dL. All participants will receive educational materials on diabetes, as well as resources to local primary-care follow up and medication assistance programs. Participants will complete pre- and post-surveys to quantify changes in self-perceived susceptibility, severity, barriers to managing T2DM, and behavioral changes, which include presence of PCP follow-up, establishing a new PCP, and utilizing medication assistance programs.

Quantitative pre- and post-survey responses will be analyzed via regression models and paired t-tests to evaluate for statistically significant changes in perceived susceptibility, severity, benefits, and barriers to T2DM self-management among participants before and after receiving the educational intervention.The expected findings of this research study are increases in patient diabetes knowledge and self-perception of susceptibility and severity, leading to higher rates of PCP follow-up among participants following dissemination of educational materials grounded in the HBM framework. These research outcomes can be utilized to inform future interventions that target further barriers or reduce ED recidivism for hyperglycemic patients in the ED.

Enrollment: 400 estimated patients

Sex: All

Ages: 18+ years old

Volunteers: No Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

• Persons 18 years of age or older who present as patients in the Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital Emergency Department with or without a preexisting Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus diagnosis with a blood glucose of ≥200 mg/dL. Participants must speak English to participate in the study.

Exclusion criteria

• Age less than 18 years and blood glucose <200 mg/dL.

Trial design

Primary purpose: Prevention

Allocation: N/A

Interventional model: Single Group Assignment

Masking: None (Open label)

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400 participants in 1 patient group

Intervention Arm

Experimental group

Description:

Participants in the intervention arm will receive Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus educational materials that includes information regarding Type 2 Diabetes symptoms, risk factors, and resources for further follow-up care alongside standard Emergency Medicine care, which includes discharge instructions provided by ED practitioners along with verbal explanations from their assigned ED nurse.

Treatment:

Behavioral: Educational Intervention