Er,Cr:YSGG Laser for Deepithelialization in Gingival Recession.

Wroclaw Medical University

Status: Completed

Conditions: Pocket Depth; Keratinized Tissue; Gingival Thickness; Gingival Recession, Localized

Treatments: Procedure: Laser Deepithelialization of Free Gingival Graft; Procedure: Scalpel Deepithelialization of Free Gingival Graft

Study type: Interventional

Funder types: Other

Identifiers

NCT07064304

WroclawMU6

Details and patient eligibility

About

Abstract: Introduction: The deepithelialized free gingival graft (DGG) technique provides high-quality connective tissue grafts (CTGs) with predictable outcomes for recession cov-erage. This study evaluates a novel method of free gingival graft (FGG) deepithelialization using an Er,Cr:YSGG laser (LDEE) for treating multiple gingival recessions. Methods: A split-mouth study was conducted on 46 (n=46) recessions in 9 patients (23 per test and control group). Sites were randomized. Full-thickness palatal grafts were harvested with a scalpel. In the test group (LDEE), deepithelialization was performed extraorally using an Er,Cr:YSGG laser (2780 nm; 2.5 W, 83.3 mJ, 30 Hz, 600 µm tip). In the control group (DEE), a 15c scalpel was used. All CTGs were applied using the modified coronally advanced tunnel (TUN) technique. Clinical parameters-recession depth (RD), keratinized tissue width (KT), gingival thickness (GT), pocket depth (PD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), pink esthetic score (PES), approximal plaque index (API), mean root coverage (MRC), and complete root coverage (CRC)-were assessed at baseline (T0), 3 months (T1), and 6 months (T2). Results: Both LDEE and DEE groups showed significant improvements in RD, KT, GT, PD, and CAL over time (p < 0.001). At T1 and T2, KT was significantly higher in the LDEE group (T1: 3.73±0.72 mm; T2: 3.98±0.76 mm) compared to the DEE group (T1: 3.21±0.61 mm; T2: 3.44±0.74 mm; p < 0.05). Other parameters (RD, GT, PD, CAL) showed no statistically significant intergroup differences at any time point (p > 0.05). After 6 months, MRC was 95% and CRC 82.6% for LDEE, compared to 94.8% and 82.6% for DEE (p > 0.05). PES scores were similar between groups at all time points (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Both laser- and scalpel-deepithelialized grafts effectively treated gingival recessions. LDEE combined with TUN resulted in significantly greater KT width compared to DEE + TUN.

Enrollment: 9 patients

Sex: All

Ages: 18 to 70 years old

Volunteers: No Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

• Age between 18 and 70 years
• Presence of multiple Miller Class I or II gingival recessions
• Good general and oral health
• Patient consent to participate in the clinical trial
• Availability for follow-up at 3 and 6 months

Exclusion criteria

• Smoking or history of smoking in the last 6 months
• Systemic diseases affecting wound healing (e.g., diabetes, immunodeficiencies)
• Pregnancy or lactation
• Use of medications that influence periodontal tissues (e.g., immunosuppressants, corticosteroids)
• History of periodontal surgery in the area of interest within the past 12 months Inadequate oral hygiene (plaque index >20%)

Trial design

Primary purpose: Treatment

Allocation: Randomized

Interventional model: Crossover Assignment

Masking: Single Blind

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9 participants in 2 patient groups

Laser Deepithelialization (LDEE)

Experimental group

Description:

In this arm, deepithelialization of the free gingival graft was performed extraorally using an Er,Cr:YSGG laser (2780 nm; 2.5 W; 83.3 mJ; 30 Hz; 600 μm tip) before graft placement at the recipient site.

Treatment:

Procedure: Laser Deepithelialization of Free Gingival Graft

Scalpel Deepithelialization (DEE)

Active Comparator group

Description:

In this arm, the epithelium was removed manually using a 15c surgical scalpel from the harvested palatal free gingival graft before placement.

Treatment:

Procedure: Scalpel Deepithelialization of Free Gingival Graft