Establishing the Glycaemic Index of Fruit Drinks Using Different Measurement Methodologies

University of Bath

Status: Enrolling

Conditions: Glycaemic Response Measurements; Glycaemic Index

Treatments: Other: Fruit drink

Study type: Interventional

Funder types: Other

Identifiers

NCT06898840

7134-9931

Details and patient eligibility

About

Glycaemic responses to carbohydrates ingested as fruit sugars may vary depending on factors inherent to the fruit and the type of sugar. The aim of this project is to investigate the glycaemic responses to a range of commercially available fruit drinks and to establish the glycaemic index for each product relative to a glucose reference. Differences in recorded responses could also be influenced by the sample type (capillary blood vs interstitial fluid) and participant characteristics. Participants will ingest 8 test drinks including 5 different fruit drinks (OJ, AJ, S&B, ENERGISE, BLUE), each matched for carbohydrate to the glucose reference (CONTROL) which will be sampled two times, an additional sample of one of the smoothies (S&B) will also be replicated. Fingerstick capillary blood sampling alongside dual sited continuous glucose monitors (CGM) will measure glucose and lactate concentrations, subjective appetite sensations will also be recorded. The tests will follow best practice guidelines for glycaemic index testing. These data will provide insight into how differing formulations can alter the glycaemic responses to fruit drinks, and whether sampling technique can affect the interpretations of measurement.

Enrollment: 10 estimated patients

Sex: All

Ages: 18 to 65 years old

Volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

• Age: 18-65 years
• Body mass index 18-30 kg/m2

Exclusion criteria

• diagnosis of any form of diabetes
• intolerances or allergies to any of the study procedures (e.g. fructose/inulin intolerance)
• Fructose malabsorption
• Inborn errors of fructose metabolism (e.g. fructokinase deficiency, aldolase B deficiency, fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase deficiency)
• pregnant or lactating
• any condition that could introduce bias to the study (e.g. diagnoses of lipid disorders, including cardiovascular disease, or therapies that alter lipid or glucose metabolism, such as statins or niacin).

Trial design

Primary purpose: Basic Science

Allocation: Randomized

Interventional model: Crossover Assignment

Masking: None (Open label)

---

10 participants in 8 patient groups

CONTROL

Active Comparator group

Description:

50 g glucose (55 g dextrose powder accounting for hydration) plus 641 mL water

Treatment:

Other: Fruit drink

REPLICATE CONTROL

Active Comparator group

Description:

50 g glucose (55 g dextrose powder accounting for hydration) plus 641 mL water

Treatment:

Other: Fruit drink

S&B

Experimental group

Description:

417 mL of commercially available "Strawberries \& Bananas" fruit smoothie providing 50 g carbohydrate \[strawberries (31%), apples, bananas (22%), white grapes, oranges, blackcurrants\]. Plus 224 mL water to standardise volume

Treatment:

Other: Fruit drink

REPLICATE S&B

Experimental group

Description:

417 mL of commercially available "Strawberries \& Bananas" fruit smoothie providing 50 g carbohydrate \[strawberries (31%), apples, bananas (22%), white grapes, oranges, blackcurrants\]. Plus 224 mL water to standardise volume

Treatment:

Other: Fruit drink

OJ

Experimental group

Description:

641 mL of commercially available "Smooth Orange Juice" providing 50 g of carbohydrate \[100% oranges\]

Treatment:

Other: Fruit drink

AJ

Experimental group

Description:

455 mL commercially available "Apple Juice" providing 50 g of carbohydrate \[apples, ascorbic acid\]. Plus 186 mL water to standardise volume

Treatment:

Other: Fruit drink

ENERGISE

Experimental group

Description:

417 mL of commercially available "Energise Super Smoothie" providing 50 g carbohydrate \[apples (50%), red grapes, bananas, strawberries (10%), blackcurrants, sour cherries (3.3%), pressed beetroot, flax seeds (0.56%), guarana infusion (0.01%), vitamins B1, B2, B3, B6, C \& E\]. Plus 224 mL water to standardise volume

Treatment:

Other: Fruit drink

BLUE

Experimental group

Description:

521 mL of commercially available "Bolt from the Blue" juice drink providing 50 g carbohydrate \[apple (66%), coconut water (18%), white grapes, white guava (5.2%), passion fruit, lime (0.87%), spirulina extract (0.81%) vitamins B1, B2, B3, B6, C \& E\]. Plus 120 mL water to standardise volume

Treatment:

Other: Fruit drink