Evaluating the Safety and Efficacy of Long-Acting Injectable Cabotegravir Compared to Daily Oral TDF/FTC for Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis in HIV-Uninfected Women

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)

Status and phase: Active, not recruiting; Phase 3

Conditions: HIV Infections

Treatments: Drug: Oral CAB; Drug: CAB LA; Drug: Placebo for oral TDF/FTC; Drug: Oral TDF/FTC; Drug: Placebo for CAB LA; Drug: Placebo for oral CAB

Study type: Interventional

Funder types: NIH

Identifiers

NCT03164564

HPTN 084

38070 (Other Grant/Funding Number)

Details and patient eligibility

About

This study will evaluate the safety and efficacy of the long-acting injectable agent cabotegravir (CAB LA) compared to daily oral tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine (TDF/FTC) for pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in HIV-uninfected women.

Full description

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the long-acting injectable integrase inhibitor cabotegravir (CAB LA) compared to daily oral tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine (TDF/FTC) for pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in a population of sexually active HIV-uninfected women at risk for HIV.

This study will take place in three steps. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of two arms:

Arm A:

Step 1: Participants will receive daily oral CAB and TDF/FTC placebo for 5 weeks.

Step 2: Participants will receive injections of CAB LA at two time points 4 weeks apart and every 8 weeks thereafter and daily TDF/FTC placebo beginning at Week 5.

Arm B:

Step 1: Participants will receive daily TDF/FTC and oral CAB placebo for 5 weeks.

Step 2: Participants will receive daily TDF/FTC and intramuscular (IM) placebo injections at two time points 4 weeks apart and every 8 weeks thereafter beginning at Week 5.

Step 2 will continue until the last enrolled participant reaches approximately 76 weeks on Step 2 (Week 81 for the last enrolled participant).

In Step 3, all participants (Arms A and B) will receive daily TDF/FTC for up to 48 weeks, starting no later than 8 weeks after the last injection.

At the end of Step 3, all participants will then transition to locally available HIV prevention services, including services for PrEP, if available.

Study visits will occur at Day 0 and at Weeks 2 and 4 during Step 1. During Step 2, participants will attend up to 24 visits, depending on when they enroll in the study. Study visits will occur every 12 weeks during Step 3. Study visits may include physical examinations; blood, urine, and vaginal swab collection; risk reduction, adherence counseling, and contraception counseling.

HPTN 084-01 is a sub-study of HPTN 084. The purpose of this study is to examine the safety, tolerability, and acceptability of CAB LA for the prevention of HIV among adolescent females. Participants will receive oral CAB for 5 weeks, followed by 34 weeks on CAB LA, then quarterly visits for 48 weeks after final injection. All participants who have received at least one injection will be followed for 48 weeks after their last injection. Total study duration per participant will be approximately 21 months.

Enrollment: 3,224 patients

Sex: Female

Ages: 18 to 45 years old

Volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

• Born female

• 18-45 years at the time of screening

• Willing and able to provide informed consent

• Willing and able to undergo all required study procedures

• Non-reactive HIV test results at Screening and Enrollment. Note: HIV-uninfected, based on HIV test results obtained at Screening and just prior to randomization at the Enrollment visit. All HIV test results from the Screening visit must be obtained and must all be negative/non-reactive. This includes testing for acute HIV infection, which must be performed within 14 days of Enrollment. In addition, at least one HIV test result using blood drawn at the Enrollment visit must be obtained prior to randomization into the study and must be negative/non-reactive. Individuals who have one or more reactive or positive HIV test result(s) will not be enrolled, even if subsequent confirmatory testing indicates that they are not HIV-infected (see SSP Manual). Those with any enrollment HIV test result positive will proceed through the HIV algorithm per the SSP but will not be able to receive study product regardless of subsequent test results.

• Sexually active (i.e., vaginal intercourse on a minimum of two separate days in the 30 days prior to Screening)

• Score of greater than or equal to 5 using a modified VOICE risk score

• No plans to re-locate or travel away from the site for greater than or equal to 8 consecutive weeks during study participation

• Creatinine clearance of greater than or equal to 60 mL/min (using Cockcroft-Gault equation) (use sex at birth for calculation)

  • Although not protocol exclusionary, sites should carefully consider the advisability of enrolling participants with calculated creatinine clearance between 60-70 mL/min, as limited changes in creatinine clearance during study conduct will lead to protocol-mandated product holds and may alter the risk-benefit considerations of study participation

• Hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigen (HBsAg) negative and accepts vaccination

• Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) less than 2 x upper limit of normal (ULN) and total bilirubin (Tbili) less than or equal to 2.5 x ULN

• HCV antibody negative

• If of reproductive potential (defined as pre-menopausal women who have not had a sterilization procedure per self-report, such as hysterectomy, bilateral oophorectomy, tubal ligation or salpingectomy), must have a negative beta human chorionic gonadotropin (βHCG) pregnancy test (sensitivity of less than or equal to 25 mIU/mL) performed (and results known) on the same day as and before initiating the protocol-specified study product(s) at Enrollment.

• Have documented evidence of surgical sterilization, OR documented evidence of no uterus (e.g., hysterectomy), OR must agree to use a reliable form of long acting contraception, during the trial and for 52 weeks after stopping the long acting injectable, or 30 days after stopping oral study product, from the list below:

  • Intrauterine device (IUD) or intrauterine system (IUS) that meets less than 1% failure rate as stated in the product label
  • Hormone-based contraceptive that meets less than 1% failure rate when used consistently and correctly as stated in the product label (implants or injectables only; this excludes combined oral contraception)

• No medical condition that, in the opinion of the study investigator, would interfere with the conduct of the study (e.g., provided by self-report, or found upon medical history and examination or in available medical records)

• No alcohol or substance use that, in the opinion of the study investigator, would interfere with the conduct of the study (e.g., provided by self-report, or found upon medical history and examination or in available medical records)

Exclusion criteria

• One or more reactive HIV test results at Screening or Enrollment, even if HIV infection is not confirmed
• Pregnant or currently breastfeeding, or intends to become pregnant and/or breastfeed during the study
• Co-enrollment in any other HIV interventional research study (provided by self-report or other available documentation), with one exception: IMPAACT 2026 (co-enrollment in IMPAACT 2026 is permitted for participants who become pregnant)
• Current or past enrollment in an HIV vaccine or broadly neutralizing antibody trial
• Current or chronic history of liver disease (e.g., non-alcoholic or alcoholic steatohepatitis) or known hepatic or biliary abnormalities (with the exception of Gilbert's syndrome, asymptomatic gallstones, or cholecystectomy)
• History of seizure disorder, per self-report
• Clinically significant cardiovascular disease, as defined by history/evidence of symptomatic arrhythmia, angina/ischemia, coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery or percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) or any clinically significant cardiac disease
• Inflammatory skin conditions that compromise the safety of IM injections, per the discretion of the Investigator of Record (IoR). Mild skin conditions may not be exclusionary at the discretion of the IoR or designee
• Has a tattoo or other dermatological condition overlying the buttock region which in the opinion of the IoR or designee may interfere with interpretation of injection site reactions (ISRs)
• Coagulopathy (primary or iatrogenic) which would contraindicate IM injection
• Active or planned use of prohibited medications as described in the Investigator Brochure (IB) or listed in the Study Specific Procedures Manual (SSP) (provided by self-report, or obtained from medical history or medical records)
• Known or suspected allergy to study product components (active or placebo), including egg or soy products (egg and soy products are contained in Intralipid)
• If potentially able to conceive, unwilling to adhere to long acting contraception (IUD/IUS, injection, or implant) with a less than 1% failure rate when used consistently and correctly as stated in the product package insert/ manufacturer's guidelines

Trial design

Primary purpose: Prevention

Allocation: Randomized

Interventional model: Parallel Assignment

Masking: Quadruple Blind

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3,224 participants in 2 patient groups

Arm A: CAB + Placebo TDF/FTC + CAB LA

Experimental group

Description:

During Step 1, participants will receive daily oral CAB and oral TDF/FTC placebo for 5 weeks. In Step 2, participants will receive injections of CAB LA at two time points 4 weeks apart and every 8 weeks thereafter and daily oral TDF/FTC placebo beginning at Week 5. In Step 3, participants will receive daily TDF/FTC for up to 48 weeks, starting no later than 8 weeks after the last injection.

Treatment:

Drug: Oral TDF/FTC

Drug: Placebo for oral TDF/FTC

Drug: CAB LA

Drug: Oral CAB

Arm B: TDF/FTC + Placebo CAB + Placebo CAB LA

Active Comparator group

Description:

During Step 1, participants will receive daily TDF/FTC and oral CAB placebo for 5 weeks. In Step 2, participants will receive daily TDF/FTC and placebo for CAB LA injections at two times points 4 weeks apart and every 8 weeks thereafter beginning at Week 5. In Step 3, participants will receive daily TDF/FTC for up to 48 weeks, starting no later than 8 weeks after the last injection.

Treatment:

Drug: Placebo for oral CAB

Drug: Placebo for CAB LA

Drug: Oral TDF/FTC