Status
Conditions
Treatments
About
People who are infected with the influenza virus may develop respiratory illnesses, such as pneumonia, or other life-threatening complications. Currently, there are four antiviral medications that are used to treat influenza. This study will examine one of these medications, oseltamivir, to examine how it affects the shedding of influenza virus in infected people.
Full description
Seasonal influenza is responsible for excess hospitalizations and, despite effective antivirals, causes significant morbidity and mortality (about 24,000 deaths each year in the United States alone). The influenza virus that emerged in 2009 (A/California/07/2009 H1N1) caused fewer deaths (12,000 flu-related deaths in the U.S.) but in contrast to seasonal flu, nearly 90% of the deaths with the 2009 H1N1 occurred among people younger than 65 years of age. Although there are four currently licensed anti-influenza medications (amantadine and rimantadine, oseltamivir, and zanamivir), previous studies have not demonstrated conclusively to what extent these medications affect influenza viral shedding. This study will evaluate whether oseltamivir modifies the viral shedding during the treatment of uncomplicated influenza in an adult population and also assess methods to detect viral replication in the upper respiratory tract.
Subjects who presented with an influenza-like illness without any risk factors for severe disease were screened for the study. Those with a confirmatory test for influenza (rapid antigen or polymerase chain reaction [PCR]) were randomized in a 1:1 manner to receive a blinded study treatment consisting of either the oseltamivir or placebo for 5 days. Clinical, virologic, and laboratory assessments on Days 1, 3, 7, and 28 were used for both safety and efficacy analysis.
Enrollment
Sex
Ages
Volunteers
Inclusion criteria
Written informed consent prior to initiation of any study procedures
History of an influenza-like illness defined as:
Onset of illness no more than 48 hours before screening, defined as when the participant experienced at least one respiratory symptom
Willing to have samples stored
Positive test for influenza (either rapid antigen or polymerase chain reaction [PCR]); randomization could proceed in cases of discrepant results (one positive and one negative)
Exclusion criteria
Hospitalization at the time of screening
Presence of a medical condition(s) that had been associated with increased risk of complications from influenza
Breastfeeding
Inability to take oral medication or a history of gastrointestinal malabsorption that would preclude the use of oral medication
Received more than one dose of any antiviral influenza medication since onset of influenza symptoms
Known end stage kidney dysfunction (e.g., creatinine clearance less than 30 mL/min)
Known hypersensitivity to oseltamivir, peramivir, or zanamivir
Received live attenuated influenza virus vaccine within 3 weeks prior to study entry
Use of any investigational drug within 30 days or 5 half-lives (whichever was longer) prior to study entry
Participated in other research protocols that required more than 100mL of blood to be drawn in a 4-week period that overlapped with this study.
Primary purpose
Allocation
Interventional model
Masking
716 participants in 2 patient groups, including a placebo group
Loading...
Data sourced from clinicaltrials.gov
Clinical trials
Research sites
Resources
Legal