Evaluation of Dental Implants After Using Several Bone Splitting Techniques

Damascus University

Status: Completed

Conditions: Jaw, Edentulous

Treatments: Procedure: Piezo-surgery; Procedure: Magnetic mallet; Procedure: Osseodensification

Study type: Interventional

Funder types: Other

Identifiers

NCT05720143

UDDS-OMFS-01-2023

Details and patient eligibility

About

In both complete and partial tooth loss, the use of dental implants as artificial replacements for missing teeth is a well-established and effective treatment modality, leading to high patient satisfaction and improved quality of life (1).

Horizontal deficiencies of the alveolar ridge can hinder implant-supported rehabilitation due to insufficient bone volume to support implant dimensions, negatively affecting the final prosthetic outcome from both functional and esthetic perspectives (2).

The split-crest technique reduces treatment time, the number of required surgical procedures, and the risk of complications, making it more acceptable to patients. Additionally, it allows for dental implant placement during the same surgical procedure and eliminates the need for a donor site for graft harvesting (3).

In this study, patients with posterior tooth loss in a narrow mandibular ridge underwent dental implant rehabilitation following alveolar ridge splitting and expansion performed using osseodensification, piezosurgery, or a magnetic mallet.

Full description

The objective of this study is to compare ridge width gain following ridge splitting and expansion with simultaneous implant placement using osseodensification, piezosurgery, or a magnetic mallet in individuals with narrow mandibular alveolar ridges.

Thirty-nine patients will be randomly allocated into three groups. In Group 1, ridge splitting and expansion will be performed using piezosurgery and bone expanders, followed by simultaneous implant placement.

In Group 2, osseodensification burs will be used after ridge splitting, with simultaneous implant placement.

In Group 3, a magnetic mallet will be used after ridge splitting, with simultaneous implant placement.

Enrollment: 39 patients

Sex: All

Ages: 18 to 60 years old

Volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

1. Patients able to attend follow-up appointments.
2. Alveolar ridges with sufficient height for the placement of a standard dental implant.
3. Presence of spongy bone with at least 1 mm of width between the cortical plates.
4. Absence of systemic or local conditions that could affect bone metabolism.

Exclusion criteria

1. Severe concavity on the vestibular or palatal side of the alveolar ridge.
2. Uncontrolled periodontal disease.
3. History of radiotherapy in the head and neck region.
4. Smokers or patients with parafunctional habits.

Trial design

Primary purpose: Treatment

Allocation: Randomized

Interventional model: Parallel Assignment

Masking: Single Blind

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39 participants in 3 patient groups

Osseodensification group:

Experimental group

Description:

Ridge splitting and expansion were carried out by creating horizontal and vertical cuts with piezosurgery, followed by expansion of the alveolar ridge using osseodensification burs

Treatment:

Procedure: Osseodensification

Magnetic mallet group:

Experimental group

Description:

Ridge splitting and expansion were performed using piezosurgery to create horizontal and vertical cuts, followed by chisels with a magnetic mallet to expand the ridge

Treatment:

Procedure: Magnetic mallet

Piezo-surgery group

Experimental group

Description:

Ridge splitting and expansion were performed with piezosurgery inserts, followed by bone expanders

Treatment:

Procedure: Piezo-surgery