Feasibility and Acceptability Followed by Effectiveness of bCPAP for Treatment of Bangladeshi Children With Severe Pneumonia (Child-bCPAP)

International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research (icddr,b)

Status: Completed

Conditions: Feasibility

Treatments: Device: Bubble CPAP oxygen delivery device

Study type: Observational

Funder types: Other

Identifiers

NCT05239559

PR-18049

Details and patient eligibility

About

Background: Feasibility and acceptability of bubble continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) were not evaluated in childhood severe pneumonia in developing countries at a larger scale.

Objective:

1. To describe prevailing structural and functional conditions and other operational challenges in nontertiary hospitals in Bangladesh that would need to be addressed in order to introduce bubble CPAP as part of the management of children with severe pneumonia enabling a successful interventional trial.
2. To develop and test bubble CPAP training materials of relevance to clinical staff providing care for children with severe pneumonia in district general hospitals.
3. To determine the prevalence of hypoxaemia among hospitalised children with severe pneumonia in non-tertiary/district hospitals, current practices with regard to management and clinical outcome, to support power calculations of a future interventional trial of bubble CPAP for children with severe pneumonia.
4. To document the early experience, particularly the feasibility and acceptability of introducing bubble CPAP in selected non-tertiary/district hospitals.

Methodology:

Feasibility/demonstration phase will be done as an internal pilot in 2 hospitals. Current treatment practice, facilities, and operational challenges will be evaluated for the introduction, clinical use and maintenance of bubble CPAP.

Outcome:

1. To describe the structural and functional conditions and operational challenges that may influence the introduction of bubble CPAP.
2. To have bubble CPAP training materials that can be delivered cheaply and repeatedly to a level of comprehension of staff providing care to children with pneumonia in district general hospitals in Bangladesh.
3. A quantitative analysis of the incidence of hypoxaemia among hospitalised children with severe pneumonia, current management practices and clinical outcomes.
4. A qualitative assessment of the feasibility of introducing bubble CPAP.

Number of children to be enrolled: 20 children in 2 hospitals as an internal pilot (i.e. 10 in each hospital)

Main inclusion criteria: Age between 2 months and 24 months with severe pneumonia and hypoxemia and guardian/parent gives written informed consent to participate in the study.

Statistical Analysis: For feasibility and acceptability study, a descriptive analysis will be performed.

Study duration: 44 months

Enrollment: 20 patients

Sex: All

Ages: 2 to 24 months old

Volunteers: No Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion and exclusion criteria

INCLUSION CRITERIA

• Staff:

  • Staff (medical and nursing) employed at the two selected hospitals with duties that include care of children with pneumonia
  • Staff who agree to participate and give written informed consent

• Children for assessment of hypoxaemia in pneumonia and outcomes:

  • Age between 2 - 24 months
  • Attend one of the two study hospitals for the assessment of pneumonia by hospital clinician.
  • Pneumonia defined by WHO criteria

• Children receiving bubble CPAP:

  • Age between 2 - 24 months.
  • Diagnosis of pneumonia by a hospital clinician together with hypoxaemia (SpO2<90%).
  • Parent/guardian gives informed consent to participate in the study

EXCLUSION CRITERIA

• Hospital staff:

  o There will be no exclusion criteria

• Children for assessment of hypoxaemia in pneumonia and outcomes, and children receiving bubble CPAP:

  • Known congenital heart disease, asthma, pulmonary TB and other chronic respiratory disorders

Trial design

20 participants in 1 patient group

bubble CPAP arm

Description:

Oxygen will be delivered by Bubble CPAP device, which will have three components: 1. Continuous gas flow into the circuit: The gas flow rate required to generate CPAP is usually 5-10 L/min. 2. A nasal interface connecting the child's airway with the circuit: short nasal prongs are generally used to deliver nasal CPAP. They must be carefully fitted to minimize leakage of air (otherwise, CPAP will not be achieved) . 3. An expiratory arm with the distal end submerged in water to generate end-expiratory pressure: in bubble CPAP, the positive pressure is maintained by placing the far end of the expiratory tubing in water. The pressure is adjusted by altering the depth of the tube under the surface of the water.

Treatment:

Device: Bubble CPAP oxygen delivery device