Health Belief Model Nursing for Moderate to Severe OSAHS Post-Surgery

Hebei Medical University

Status: Completed

Conditions: Postoperative Care; Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome (OSAHS)

Treatments: Behavioral: Health Belief Model Nursing Intervention; Behavioral: Routine Care

Study type: Interventional

Funder types: Other

Identifiers

NCT07050602

20160703

Details and patient eligibility

About

This study aimed to investigate the long-term preventive and therapeutic effects of a health belief model (HBM)-based nursing intervention compared to routine care in patients with moderate to severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome (OSAHS) after surgery. The study assessed impacts on sleep parameters (Apnea-Hypopnea Index, Oxygen Desaturation Index, sleep quality via PSQI), self-management abilities, quality of life, OSAHS recurrence rate, and patient satisfaction.

Full description

A total of 120 post-surgery patients with moderate to severe OSAHS were recruited and assigned to either a control group (n=60) receiving routine postoperative care or an observation group (n=60) receiving a health belief model-based nursing intervention in addition to routine care. Routine care included general postoperative education for OSAHS, dietary, and exercise guidance with monthly phone follow-ups. The HBM intervention, lasting one year, focused on perceived susceptibility (assessment, psychological intervention), perceived severity (education on risks), perceived benefits (weight/BP monitoring, dietary/exercise guidance, sleep posture aids, daily diary), and perceived barriers (frequent phone follow-ups, psychological support). Outcomes were measured at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months post-surgery, including polysomnography, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), self-management ability questionnaires, quality of life questionnaires, OSAHS recurrence, and patient satisfaction surveys.

Enrollment: 120 patients

Sex: All

Ages: 30 to 50 years old

Volunteers: No Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

• Aged between 30 and 50 years old;
• Sleep Apnea Hypopnea Index (AHI) > 21 events per hour;
• Body Mass Index (BMI) ≥ 28 kg/m²;
• The obstructive plane of OSAHS was either at the soft palate level or associated with narrowing at the tongue base level;
• Surgical treatments included uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) or UPPP combined with low-temperature plasma ablation of the tongue base/tongue body;
• The patient had undergone surgical treatment for OSAHS;
• The patient could comprehend the research details and voluntarily signed an informed consent form.

Exclusion criteria

• Severe cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, liver disease, or dysfunction of other major organs;
• Severe mental illness or cognitive dysfunction that would hinder understanding or adherence to research procedures;
• Presence of other sleep disorders, such as central sleep apnea or insomnia;
• Use of medications that could interfere with sleep patterns;
• Pregnancy or lactation;
• Patients unwilling to provide informed consent for the study.

Trial design

Primary purpose: Treatment

Allocation: Randomized

Interventional model: Parallel Assignment

Masking: None (Open label)

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120 participants in 2 patient groups

Observation Group

Experimental group

Description:

Participants received routine postoperative care plus a one-year health belief model nursing intervention. This included: comprehensive assessment and psychological interventions (Perceived Susceptibility); education on OSAHS risks and consequences (Perceived Severity); weekly weight/blood pressure monitoring, dietary/exercise guidance, sleep posture correction aids, and a daily health diary (Perceived Benefits); and regular phone follow-ups (2-3 times/week for 0-8 weeks post-discharge, bi-weekly up to 1 year) for support and addressing difficulties (Perceived Barriers).

Treatment:

Behavioral: Routine Care

Behavioral: Health Belief Model Nursing Intervention

Control Group

Active Comparator group

Description:

Participants received routine postoperative care for OSAHS for one year, including general education, dietary and exercise guidance. Post-discharge monitoring was conducted via monthly phone calls.

Treatment:

Behavioral: Routine Care