Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Oncologic Outcomes in Colorectal Cancer

In Ja Park

Status: Completed

Conditions: Colorectal Carcinoma; COVID 19

Study type: Observational

Funder types: Other

Identifiers

NCT06638957

COVID

Details and patient eligibility

About

The goal of this observational study is to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on colorectal cancer (CRC) outcomes, particularly focusing on stage distribution and recurrence-free survival in patients undergoing surgery at eight tertiary care institutions in Korea from 2018 to 2020.

Main Question Does the COVID-19 pandemic lead to more advanced stages of colorectal cancer at diagnosis and higher complication rates during surgery? Is there a significant difference in recurrence-free survival between CRC patients treated before and during the pandemic?

This study found that more patients presented with advanced-stage CRC during the COVID-19 pandemic, with significantly higher rates of tumor-related complications (perforations, abscesses, and preoperative obstructions), as well as an increase in open surgeries and combined resections.

No significant difference in recurrence-free survival was observed between the pre-COVID-19 and COVID-19 periods, although postoperative complication rates were higher, especially among rectal cancer patients and those receiving preoperative chemoradiotherapy.

Full description

This observational, population-based, cohort study was conducted in accordance with the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology guidelines. It was approved by the regional ethics committee in the Republic of Korea and institutional review boards of the eight participating institutions. Due to the anonymity of the data, the requirement for informed consent was waived.

The study timeline was determined by the phased social distancing measures implemented in the Republic of Korea in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The study focused on patients with CRC who underwent surgical treatment from 2018 to 2020. The pre-COVID-19 period extended from 2018 to February 2020, and the COVID-19 period began in March 2020 with the identification of the first COVID-19 case in the Republic of Korea and subsequent government measures to prevent the spread of the disease.

Eight institutions across the Republic of Korea participated in the study, including Asan Medical Center, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Korea University Anam Hospital, Samsung Medical Center, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, and Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital. These institutions are tertiary medical centers, varying in location and size.

Enrollment: 14,951 patients

Sex: All

Volunteers: No Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

• Patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer who underwent surgery
• in 8 institution including Asan Medical Center, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Korea University Anam Hospital, Samsung Medical Center, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, and Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital

Exclusion criteria

• Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP)
• Hereditary non-polyposis colon cancer (HNPCC)
• Cancer associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)
• Colorectal cancer not proven on biopsy, and pathologies other than adenocarcinoma.
• Emergency operation

Trial design

14,951 participants in 2 patient groups

patients with colorectal cancer who underwent surgical treatment from 2018 to 2020

Description:

The pre-COVID-19 period extended from 2018 to February 2020

patients with colorectal cancer who underwent surgical treatment from 2020

Description:

the COVID-19 period began in March 2020 to December 2020