Internalized Stigma and Tooth Loss Due to Periodontitis

Akdeniz University

Status: Completed

Conditions: Tooth Loss; Periodontal Diseases

Treatments: Other: The Internalized Stigma Scale in Mental Illness (ISS)

Study type: Observational

Funder types: Other

Identifiers

NCT07065019

KAEK-304

Details and patient eligibility

About

Internalized stigma refers to the adoption of negative judgments, beliefs, stereotypes and stigmatizing views imposed by society.

The aim of this study was to investigate internalized stigma in patients with tooth loss due to periodontitis.

This study included a total of 155 volunteer individuals diagnosed with Stage III or Stage IV periodontitis. 'Internalized Stigma Scale in Mental Illness', 'Individual Information Collection Form' including sociodemographic data and 'Patient Evaluation Form' including clinical periodontal parameters were obtained from these volunteers.

Full description

This study included 155 volunteer individuals diagnosed with Stage III and Stage IV periodontitis who applied to Akdeniz University Faculty of Dentistry Periodontology Clinic between May 2023 and July 2024. 'Internalized Stigma Scale in Mental Illness', 'Individual Information Collection Form' including sociodemographic data and 'Patient Evaluation Form' including clinical periodontal parameters were obtained from these volunteers. This study was conducted in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration of 1975, as revised in 2013. After the rationale and method of the study were explained to the volunteers included in the study, a minimum informed consent form was signed.

This study included patients diagnosed with Generalized Stage III and Generalized Stage IV periodontitis, according to the criteria defined in the 2017 World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions.

Data Collection Procedure and Indexes:

The internalized stigma scale(ISS) consists of 29 items and is a self-report scale assessing internalized stigma. ISS includes 5 subscales: 1. Alienation (6 items), 2. Confirmation of Stereotypes (7 items), 3. Perceived Discrimination (5 items), 4. Social Withdrawal (6 items), 5. Resistance to Stigmatization (5 items). ISS is a Likert-type scale calculated as 'strongly disagree' (1 point), 'disagree' (2 points), 'agree' (3 points), 'strongly agree' (4 points). The items of the 'Resistance to stigmatization' subscale are reverse scored. High scores on this scale indicate how aggressive the person's internalized stigma is negatively. ISS has been adapted for many diseases other than mental illnesses in our country and its validity and reliability have been demonstrated.In a recent study . ISS has been shown to be valid and reliable in halitosis (Cronbach's alpha = 0.89). In the current study, the Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness (ISMI) Scale demonstrated high internal consistency, with a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.947.

Enrollment: 155 patients

Sex: All

Volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

• Tooth loss due to interproximal CAL and mobility caused by periodontal disease
• Patients must be over 18 and under 65 years of age
• Demonstrate adequate cognitive function and comprehension skills, as assessed through clinical observation.
• Know how to read and write
• Patients do not have any neurological disease that may affect the perception of internalized stigma
• Patients volunteering to participate in the study

Exclusion criteria

• Has any medical condition or neurological disease that may affect the perception of internalized stigma
• Patients with tooth loss due to reasons other than interproximal CAC and mobility caused by periodontal disease
• The appearance of teeth lost due to periodontitis concealed by a fixed or removable prosthesis
• Those who do not want to participate in the survey
• Lack sufficient cognitive and comprehension abilities as determined through clinical observation

Trial design

155 participants in 2 patient groups

Stage III periodontitis

Description:

The diagnosis of Stage III generalized periodontitis was established based on the presence of one or more of the following clinical and radiographic findings: a probing pocket depth (PD) of ≥ 6 mm and/or clinical attachment loss (CAL) of ≥ 5 mm; radiographic evidence of bone loss extending to the middle or apical third of the root; a history of tooth loss due to periodontitis involving four or fewer teeth; CAL of ≥ 5 mm affecting 30% or more of the dentition; vertical bone loss of ≥ 3 mm; Class II or III furcation involvement; and the presence of moderate ridge defects.

Treatment:

Other: The Internalized Stigma Scale in Mental Illness (ISS)

Stage IV periodontitis

Description:

The diagnosis of Stage IV generalized periodontitis was based on more severe manifestations, including CAL of ≥ 5 mm and radiographic bone loss reaching the middle or apical third of the root. Additionally, patients exhibited tooth loss due to periodontitis affecting five or more teeth, masticatory dysfunction, occlusal dysfunction, severe ridge defects, and/or signs of secondary occlusal trauma.

Treatment:

Other: The Internalized Stigma Scale in Mental Illness (ISS)