Investigation of Single Session Action Observation and Motor Imagery Training on Balance, Muscle Oxygenation, Fatigue

Bandırma Onyedi Eylül University

Status: Enrolling

Conditions: Action Observation Training; Motor Imagery Training

Treatments: Other: Action Observation; Other: Action Observation combined with Motor Imagery; Other: Sham (No Treatment)

Study type: Interventional

Funder types: Other

Identifiers

NCT07094334

2025 - 904

Details and patient eligibility

About

Action observation (AO) and motor imagery (MI) interventions are frequently employed both in the rehabilitation process following orthopedic injuries and surgeries, with aims such as reducing pain and increasing joint range of motion, as well as in the rehabilitation of neurological disorders to restore motor functions and achieve functional independence. In recent years, it has been demonstrated that AO and MI training can exert positive effects on motor performance and neurophysiological activation. Notably, when AO and MI training are applied in combination, it has been suggested that they produce a more pronounced impact on motor performance and support motor learning processes. The effects of these techniques have generally been evaluated following long-term interventions, and there is limited data in the literature regarding their effects after a single session. Furthermore, it has been shown in the literature that action observation and motor imagery training can elicit cortical activation. However, current scientific evidence concerning the peripheral effects of these interventions remains limited. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to investigate the acute effects of a single session of action observation and motor imagery training on upper extremity balance, muscle oxygenation, and fatigue in asymptomatic young adult males

Enrollment: 42 estimated patients

Sex: Male

Ages: 18 to 25 years old

Volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

• To be between 18 and 25 years of age

• To have no history of any surgical procedure involving the upper extremity

• To be male**

  • Since the Upper Extremity Closed Kinetic Chain Stability Test is conducted in a different position for females, only male participants will be included in the study to maintain group homogeneity.

Exclusion criteria

• Scoring 24 or below on the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE)
• Having hearing, visual, or perceptual impairments that may affect the study outcomes
• Presence of any upper extremity problem
• Having neurological, metabolic, or systemic diseases

Trial design

Primary purpose: Other

Allocation: Randomized

Interventional model: Parallel Assignment

Masking: Single Blind

---

42 participants in 3 patient groups

Action Observation Group

Experimental group

Description:

Prior to the intervention, the Upper Extremity Closed Kinetic Chain Stability Test will be administered to determine participants' upper extremity balance levels. Participants in the group will watch video recordings of the Upper Extremity Closed Kinetic Chain Stability Test, performed by a third person, from various angles, at both normal and slow motion speeds, for a total duration of 10 minutes. Following the intervention, the Upper Extremity Closed Kinetic Chain Stability Test will be performed in four repetitions, identical to the pre-intervention assessment. In order to prevent fatigue from influencing the outcomes, participants will be given a 5-minute rest period between the pre- and post-intervention assessments. The Moxy device will continuously monitor throughout all procedures. The fatigue levels of the participants will be evaluated prior to and following the test.

Treatment:

Other: Action Observation

Action Observation combined with Motor Imagery Group

Experimental group

Description:

Prior to the intervention, the Upper Extremity Closed Kinetic Chain Stability Test will be administered to determine participants' upper extremity balance levels. Participants in this group will be asked to imagine themselves performing the Upper Extremity Closed Kinetic Chain Stability Test while watching video recordings of the test, captured from different angles and executed by a third person, for a total duration of 10 minutes at both normal and slow-motion speeds. Following the intervention, the Upper Extremity Closed Kinetic Chain Stability Test will be performed in four repetitions, identical to the pre-intervention assessment. In order to prevent fatigue from influencing the outcomes, participants will be given a 5-minute rest period between the pre- and post-intervention assessments. The Moxy device will continuously monitor throughout all procedures. The fatigue levels of the participants will be evaluated prior to and following the test.

Treatment:

Other: Action Observation combined with Motor Imagery

Control Group

Sham Comparator group

Description:

Prior to the intervention, the Upper Extremity Closed Kinetic Chain Stability Test will be administered to determine participants' upper extremity balance levels. The participants will watch landscape and nature-themed videos for a duration of 10 minutes. Following the intervention, the Upper Extremity Closed Kinetic Chain Stability Test will be performed in four repetitions, identical to the pre-intervention assessment. In order to prevent fatigue from influencing the outcomes, participants will be given a 5-minute rest period between the pre- and post-intervention assessments. The Moxy device will continuously monitor throughout all procedures. The fatigue levels of the participants will be evaluated prior to and following the test.

Treatment:

Other: Sham (No Treatment)