IRT and CBT in Sexual Assault Victims With PTSD

Laval University

Status: Completed

Conditions: Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic

Treatments: Behavioral: Imagery Rehearsal Therapy; Behavioral: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for PTSD

Study type: Interventional

Funder types: Other

Identifiers

NCT03169712

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Details and patient eligibility

About

Sexual assault victims (SAV) have an elevated risk of developing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Trauma-focused cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) is an effective first-line treatment for this pathology. However, although sleep disturbances are a common complaint in SAV with PTSD, trauma-focused CBT does not directly address this symptom. Posttraumatic nightmares are widespread among SAV. Trauma-related sleep disturbances are associated with significant impairment in general functioning and quality of life (mental and physical health), and contribute to the maintenance of PTSD symptoms. This study evaluates the efficacy of sequential nightmare therapy (imagery rehearsal therapy; IRT) and trauma-focused CBT, in comparison to CBT alone. Forty-two SAV suffering from PTSD and sleep difficulties were recruited and randomly assigned to the experimental (IRT+CBT) or control condition (waiting period followed by CBT alone). Participants were administered a clinical interview and a series of questionnaires assessing PTSD symptoms, general functioning and quality of life.

Enrollment: 42 patients

Sex: All

Ages: 18 to 120 years old

Volunteers: No Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

• over 18 years of age;
• able to understand and speak French;
• history of unwanted sexual experience;
• PTSD diagnosis according to DSM-IV-TR;
• sleep complaints, as established by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score ≥ 5 and a mean of one or more NM per week for at least one month;
• if psychotropic medication was used, (antidepressant, antianxiety, antipsychotic or hypnotic medication) stable for a minimum of three months;
• available for in-person assessments and therapy sessions.

Exclusion criteria

• past or present psychotic episode, bipolar disorder or organic mental disorder (e.g. dementia);
• substance use disorder;
• sleep apnea diagnosis;
• use of prazosine to treat nightmares;
• presently in treatment for psychological difficulties;
• significant suicidal thoughts requiring immediate intervention.

Trial design

Primary purpose: Treatment

Allocation: Randomized

Interventional model: Parallel Assignment

Masking: None (Open label)

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42 participants in 2 patient groups

CBT for PTSD

Active Comparator group

Description:

15 sessions of trauma-focused CBT

Treatment:

Behavioral: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for PTSD

Imagery Rehearsal Therapy + CBT for PTSD

Experimental group

Description:

5 sessions of IRT + 15 sessions of trauma-focused CBT

Treatment:

Behavioral: Imagery Rehearsal Therapy

Behavioral: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for PTSD