Metabolomics of the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) Dietary Pattern

Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health

Status: Completed

Conditions: Dietary Modification; Blood Pressure

Treatments: Behavioral: Fruits and vegetables diet; Behavioral: Control diet; Behavioral: DASH diet

Study type: Observational

Funder types: Other; NIH

Identifiers

NCT03403166

K01DK107782 (U.S. NIH Grant/Contract)

IRB00007383-2

Details and patient eligibility

About

The present record represents a secondary data analysis of the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) trial. Study data and specimens were accessed through the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) Biologic Specimen and Data Repository Coordinating Center (BioLINCC). A global, untargeted, metabolomic profile was used to investigate biomarkers of the DASH dietary pattern as well as blood pressure change.

Full description

The present study was conducted in order to: 1) quantify the metabolomic expression of the DASH dietary pattern; and 2) examine the relationship between metabolites that reflect the DASH dietary pattern and blood pressure change. This secondary data analysis leverages the completed DASH trial, a randomized feeding trial (N=459).

Enrollment: 459 patients

Sex: All

Ages: 22 to 100 years old

Volunteers: No Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

• Men and women with systolic blood pressure <160 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure 80-95 mmHg

Exclusion criteria

• Taking anti-hypertensive medication
• Poorly controlled diabetes mellitus
• Hyperlipidemia
• Cardiovascular event within the past 6 months
• Chronic disease that may interfere with participation
• Pregnancy or lactation
• Body mass index > 35 kg/m2
• Unwilling to stop taking vitamin or mineral supplements or antacids
• Kidney disease
• Consumption of >14 alcoholic beverages per week
• Did not consent to the use of biological specimens
• Did not attend the 8 week follow-up visit
• No serum specimen or insufficient volume of serum specimens in repository

Trial design

459 participants in 3 patient groups

DASH diet

Description:

The DASH diet consisted of a high intake of fruits, vegetables, and low-fat dairy products. It included a wide range of sources of protein, such as meat, fish, poultry, nuts, and beans. Sugar-sweetened beverages, desserts, and red meat were restricted. In terms of nutrients, the DASH diet had a high amount of fiber and protein; low amounts of saturated fat, total fat, and cholesterol; and intake of potassium, magnesium, and calcium at levels close to the 75th percentile of U.S. consumption.

Treatment:

Behavioral: DASH diet

Fruits and vegetables diet

Description:

Potassium and magnesium intake was similar to the 75th percentile of U.S. consumption. Fiber intake was high. The fruits and vegetables diet consisted of more fruits and vegetables and fewer snacks and desserts than the control diet, but otherwise was similar to the control diet.

Treatment:

Behavioral: Fruits and vegetables diet

Control diet

Description:

For the control diet, macronutrient intake was similar to average U.S. consumption and intake of potassium, magnesium, and calcium were similar to the 25th percentile of U.S. consumption. Sodium intake was approximately 3 g/day in each diet.

Treatment:

Behavioral: Control diet